Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34884970›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021

A Review of the Current Mammalian Models of Alzheimer's Disease and Challenges That Need to Be Overcome.

Natasha Elizabeth Mckean, Renee Robyn Handley, Russell Grant Snell

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Progressive behavioral and cognitive decline inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Loss of neuronal population organization links pathology to behavior in a model of Alzheimer's disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
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  9. Vertebrate and Invertebrate Animal Models for the Study of Down Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Natasha Elizabeth MckeanApplied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 3a Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
Renee Robyn HandleyApplied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 3a Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.
Russell Grant SnellApplied Translational Genetics Group, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, 3a Symonds Street, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-8166-4014
University of Auckland · NZ

Funding

Centre for Brain Research 123University of Auckland 123
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the looming health crises of the near future. Increasing lifespans and better medical treatment for other conditions mean that the prevalence of this disease is expected to triple by 2050. The impact of AD includes both the large toll on individuals and their families as well as a large financial cost to society. So far, we have no way to prevent, slow, or cure the disease. Current medications can only alleviate some of the symptoms temporarily. Many animal models of AD have been created, with the first transgenic mouse model in 1995. Mouse models have been beset by challenges, and no mouse model fully captures the symptomatology of AD without multiple genetic mutations and/or transgenes, some of which have never been implicated in human AD. Over 25 years later, many mouse models have been given an AD-like disease and then 'cured' in the lab, only for the treatments to fail in clinical trials. This review argues that small animal models are insufficient for modelling complex disorders such as AD. In order to find effective treatments for AD, we need to create large animal models with brains and lifespan that are closer to humans, and underlying genetics that already predispose them to AD-like phenotypes.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalAlzheimer DiseaseAnimalsBrainHumansPhenotypeAlzheimer’s diseaseanimal modelconstruct validitygene editinglarge animal modelplaquespredictive validitytanglestransgenesis

Identifiers

PMID34884970
PMCPMC8658123
OpenAlexW4200375947

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.