ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Photodynamic Therapy-Mediated Immune Responses in Three-Dimensional Tumor Models.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Photodynamic therapy-induced inflammation and adverse effects: An updated review.Biomedical journal · 2026Review
- Photocatalytic Micro/Nanomotors Functioning in the Near-Infrared Window for Biomedical Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Engineering Complex Breast Tumor-Stroma Models: TMPyP4-Photodynamic Therapy Is More Effective at the Metastatic Site in Breast Tumors.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026Article
- Photodynamic therapy for oral mucosal lesions: photosensitizer evolution, pharmacological mechanisms, and clinical translation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Photodynamic therapy dosimetry: current status and the emerging challenge of immune stimulation.Journal of biomedical optics · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Selective Efficacy of Indocyanine Green-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy ICG-PDT in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Compared to Healthy Cells in a 3D Hollow Fiber Bioreactor Model.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Role of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry in Photodynamic Therapy: From Photosensitizer Design to Clinical Applications.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Biomimetic Tumour Model Systems for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in Relation to Photodynamic Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Shifting cold to hot tumors by nanoparticle-loaded drugs and products.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Molecular engineering of a spheroid-penetrating phage nanovector for photodynamic treatment of colon cancer cells.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Photodynamic Therapy and Adaptive Immunity Induced by Reactive Oxygen Species: Recent Reports.Cancers · 2024Review
- The m-TORC1 inhibitor Sirolimus increases the effectiveness of Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma, impairing NRF2 antioxidant signaling.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Article
- Photodynamic Therapy Using RGD-Functionalized Quantum Dots Elicit a Potent Immune Response in a Syngeneic Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- Photodynamic Therapy-Induced Anti-Tumor Immunity: Influence Factors and Synergistic Enhancement Strategies.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy of Glioblastomas: A Long-Term Follow-up Analysis of Survival and Volumetric MRI Data.Cancers · 2023Article
- Efficient Synthesis of Chlorin e6 and Its Potential Photodynamic Immunotherapy in Mouse Melanoma by the Abscopal Effect.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- BODIPYs in PDT: A Journey through the Most Interesting Molecules Produced in the Last 10 Years.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising non-invasive phototherapeutic approach for cancer therapy that can eliminate local tumor cells and produce systemic antitumor immune responses. In recent years, significant efforts have been made in developing strategies to further investigate the immune mechanisms triggered by PDT. The majority of in vitro experimental models still rely on the two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures that do not mimic a three-dimensional (3D) cellular environment in the human body, such as cellular heterogeneity, nutrient gradient, growth mechanisms, and the interaction between cells as well as the extracellular matrix (ECM) and therapeutic resistance to anticancer treatments. In addition, in vivo animal studies are highly expensive and time consuming, which may also show physiological discrepancies between animals and humans. In this sense, there is growing interest in the utilization of 3D tumor models, since they precisely mimic different features of solid tumors. This review summarizes the characteristics and techniques for 3D tumor model generation. Furthermore, we provide an overview of innate and adaptive immune responses induced by PDT in several in vitro and in vivo tumor models. Future perspectives are highlighted for further enhancing PDT immune responses as well as ideal experimental models for antitumor immune response studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.