ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021
Beta-Endorphin and Oxytocin in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder and Comorbid Depression.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cortisol and β-Endorphin Responses During a Two-Month Exercise Training Program in Patients with an Opioid Use Disorder and on a Substitution Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Trial
- Nalmefene and naltrexone reduce alcohol intake via selective efficacy in subpopulations distinguished by behavioral and blood-based biomarkers.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Updated Freudian drive theory: childhood trauma, epigenetics, serotonin and beta endorphin.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Guilt and shame and its relation to oxytocin in patients with depression and alcohol addiction.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Give me five! A modern perspective on addiction from the up-dated Freudian drive theory.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- [Oxytocin and vasopressin: sexual differences and clinical implications].Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social · 2023Review
- Barriers and Breakthroughs in Targeting the Oxytocin System to Treat Alcohol Use Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe neuropeptides β-endorphin and oxytocin are released into the bloodstream as hormones from the pituitary gland but also have an important function as neuroregulators in the forebrain. The blood levels of both polypeptides have been shown to reflect depressive symptoms. β-Endorphin, in particular, is also involved in abstinence from alcohol.
methodsThe serum levels of β-endorphin and oxytocin were measured during the early withdrawal phase in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) with (
resultsBoth serum levels of beta-endorphin and oxytocin were significantly lower in patients than those in healthy controls (
conclusionsSerum levels of β-endorphin and oxytocin are lower in patients with AUD, particularly in those with depressive comorbidity. β-Endorphin levels correlated with physical aggression according to the Buss-Durkee (BDHI) estimates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.