Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34884008›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Deep Learning-Based Computer-Aided Fetal Echocardiography: Application to Heart Standard View Segmentation for Congenital Heart Defects Detection.

Siti Nurmaini, Muhammad Naufal Rachmatullah, Ade Iriani Sapitri, Annisa Darmawahyuni, Bambang Tutuko, Firdaus Firdaus, Radiyati Umi Partan, Nuswil Bernolian

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  7. Role of Artificial Intelligence in Congenital Heart Disease and Interventions.Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Siti NurmainiIntelligent System Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-8024-2952
Muhammad Naufal RachmatullahIntelligent System Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia.
Ade Iriani SapitriIntelligent System Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia.
Annisa DarmawahyuniIntelligent System Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-0229-5717
Bambang TutukoIntelligent System Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia.
Firdaus FirdausIntelligent System Research Group, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0003-2791-3486
Radiyati Umi PartanFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang 30139, Indonesia.
Nuswil BernolianDivision of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital, Palembang 30126, Indonesia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accurate segmentation of fetal heart in echocardiography images is essential for detecting the structural abnormalities such as congenital heart defects (CHDs). Due to the wide variations attributed to different factors, such as maternal obesity, abdominal scars, amniotic fluid volume, and great vessel connections, this process is still a challenging problem. CHDs detection with expertise in general are substandard; the accuracy of measurements remains highly dependent on humans' training, skills, and experience. To make such a process automatic, this study proposes deep learning-based computer-aided fetal heart echocardiography examinations with an instance segmentation approach, which inherently segments the four standard heart views and detects the defect simultaneously. We conducted several experiments with 1149 fetal heart images for predicting 24 objects, including four shapes of fetal heart standard views, 17 objects of heart-chambers in each view, and three cases of congenital heart defect. The result showed that the proposed model performed satisfactory performance for standard views segmentation, with a 79.97% intersection over union and 89.70% Dice coefficient similarity. It also performed well in the CHDs detection, with mean average precision around 98.30% for intra-patient variation and 82.42% for inter-patient variation. We believe that automatic segmentation and detection techniques could make an important contribution toward improving congenital heart disease diagnosis rates.

Indexed as

Deep LearningHeart Defects, CongenitalComputersEchocardiographyFemaleFetal HeartHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedPregnancydeep learningfetal echocardiographyfetal heart standard viewheart defectinstance segmentation

Identifiers

PMID34884008
PMCPMC8659935

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.