Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34883827›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2021

A Method for Underwater Wireless Data Transmission in a Hydroacoustic Channel under NLOS Conditions.

Jerzy Mizeraczyk, Ryszard Studanski, Andrzej Zak, Agnieszka Czapiewska

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jerzy MizeraczykFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-255 Gdynia, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5173-3592
Ryszard StudanskiFaculty of Electrical Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-255 Gdynia, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-9656-0886
Andrzej ZakFaculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Polish Naval Academy, Smidowicz 69, 81-127 Gdynia, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0364-4077
Agnieszka CzapiewskaFaculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-1322-2679

Funding

Ministry of Science and Higher Education 006/PID/2018/19
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Wireless data transmission in the hydroacoustic channel under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation conditions, for example, during a wreck penetration, is difficult to implement reliably. This is mostly due to the multipath propagation, which causes a reduction in the quality of data reception. Therefore, in this work an attempt has been made to develop a reliable method of wireless underwater communication test it under the NLOS conditions. In our method, we used multiple frequency-shift keying (MFSK) modulation, sending a single bit on two carriers, and diversity combining. The method was tested in laboratory conditions which simulated underwater signal propagation during the penetration of the wreck. The propagation conditions were investigated by determining the impulse responses at selected measurement points using the correlation method. Additionally, for comparison, the data transmission quality was determined by the bit error rate (BER) under the same conditions using direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) and binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation. The obtained results confirmed the usefulness of the application of the developed method for wireless data transmission in a hydroacoustic channel under NLOS conditions.

Indexed as

data transmissiondiversity combininghydroacoustic channelMFSKNLOSunderwater communication

Identifiers

PMID34883827
PMCPMC8659812

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.