Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34883162›Full record

SynthesisAmerican journal of infection control2022

Compared hand hygiene compliance among healthcare providers before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid review and meta-analysis.

Ying Wang, Jinru Yang, Fu Qiao, Bilong Feng, Fen Hu, Zi-Ang Xi, Wenwen Wu, Zi-Ling Ni, Li Liu, Yufeng Yuan

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in American journal of infection control, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Ying WangDepartment of Infection Management, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China; Institute of Hospital Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.
Jinru YangCancer Center of Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.
Fu QiaoInfection Prevention and Control Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.
Bilong FengDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.
Fen HuDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China; Clinical Research Center of Hubei Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.
Zi-Ang XiSchool of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China.
Wenwen WuSchool of Public Health and Management, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.
Zi-Ling NiSchool of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Li LiuSchool of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. Electronic address: liuli_archi@tsinghua.edu.cn.
Yufeng YuanDepartment of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China. Electronic address: yuanyf1971@whu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHand hygiene (HH) is a cost-effective measure to reduce health care-associated infections. The overall characteristics and changes of hand hygiene compliance (HHC) among health care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic provided evidence for targeted HH intervention measures.

aimTo systematically review the literature and conduct a meta-analysis of studies investigating the rate of HHC and the characteristics of HH during the COVID-19 pandemic.

methodsThe PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, and CBM databases were searched. All the original articles with valid HHC data among health care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic (from January 1, 2020 to October 1, 2021) were included. Meta-analysis was performed using a DerSimonian and Laird model to yield a point estimate and a 95% CI for the HHC rate. The heterogeneity of the studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Q test and I

findingsSeven studies with 2,377 health care providers reporting HHC were identified. The estimated overall HHC was 74%, which was higher than that reported in previous studies (5%-89%). Fever clinic has become a new key place for HHC observation. Nurses had the highest HHC (80%; 95% CI:74%-87%) while auxiliary workers (70%; 95%CI:62%-77%) had the lowest. For the WHO 5-moments, the health care providers had the highest HHC after contact with the body fluids of the patients (91%; 95% CI:88%-94%), while before contact with patient's health care providers had the lowest HHC (68%; 95% CI:62%-74%) which was consistent with before the pandemic. There existed great HHC differences among different monitoring methods (automatic monitoring system:53%; 95% CI:44%-63% versus openly and secretly observation: 91%; 95% CI: 90%-91%).

conclusionsDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the compliance of health care providers' HH showed a great improvement. The fever clinics have become the focused departments for HH monitoring. The HHC of auxiliary workers and the HH opportunity for "before contact with patients" should be strengthened. In the future, it will be necessary to develop standardized HH monitoring tools for practical work.

Indexed as

COVID-19Cross InfectionHand HygieneGuideline AdherenceHealth PersonnelHumansPandemicsCOVID-19Hand hygiene complianceHand hygiene improvementHealth care-associated infection controlReview

Identifiers

PMID34883162
PMCPMC8648372

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.