Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34882769›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2022

Using a quadruplet codon to expand the genetic code of an animal.

Zhiyan Xi, Lloyd Davis, Kieran Baxter, Ailish Tynan, Angeliki Goutou, Sebastian Greiss

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Bioorthogonal Chemistry in Neurobiology: From Imaging to Proteomics.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026
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  6. BeyondChemical reviews · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zhiyan XiCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Lloyd DavisCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Kieran BaxterCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Ailish TynanCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Angeliki GoutouCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Sebastian GreissCentre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9130-0831
University of Edinburgh · GB

Funding

Enhancing and expanding the CGC Strain CollectionP40OD010440 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Aric L Daul, Ann E. Rougvie · 2012 to 2026
$7.5M
NIH HHS P40 OD010440Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genetic code expansion in multicellular organisms is currently limited to the use of repurposed amber stop codons. Here, we introduce a system for the use of quadruplet codons to direct incorporation of non-canonical amino acids in vivo in an animal, the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans. We develop hybrid pyrrolysyl tRNA variants to incorporate non-canonical amino acids in response to the quadruplet codon UAGA. We demonstrate the efficiency of the quadruplet decoding system by incorporating photocaged amino acids into two proteins widely used as genetic tools. We use photocaged lysine to express photocaged Cre recombinase for the optical control of gene expression and photocaged cysteine to express photo-activatable caspase for light inducible cell ablation. Our approach will facilitate the routine adoption of quadruplet decoding for genetic code expansion in eukaryotic cells and multicellular organisms.

Indexed as

Genetic CodeGenetic TechniquesAmino AcidsAmino Acyl-tRNA SynthetasesAnimalsCaenorhabditis elegansCodon, TerminatorProteinsRNA, TransferAmino AcidsAmino Acyl-tRNA SynthetasesCodon, TerminatorProteinsRNA, Transfer

Identifiers

PMID34882769
PMCPMC9122531
OpenAlexW4225847516

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.