ReviewPLoS pathogens2021
Understanding the interaction between cytomegalovirus and tuberculosis in children: The way forward.
Review in PLoS pathogens, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Cytomegalovirus Infection and Tuberculosis Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- An Fc Receptor and IgA Functional Signature Identifies TB Disease in Children Living With HIV.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2026Article
- Cytomegalovirus Viremia Is Strongly Associated With 6-Month Mortality Among Adults Living With Advanced HIV Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study in South Africa.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Review
- The influence of murine cytomegalovirus infection on susceptibility to mycobacterial infection.iScience · 2026Article
- The Dynamics of Human Cytomegalovirus Markers in Tuberculosis Disease Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Long-term Antiretroviral Therapy: A Nested Case-Control Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Age-dependent immune heterogeneity and the limited diagnostic utility of peripheral blood biomarkers in pediatric tuberculosis: a real-world cohort study with multidimensional model evaluation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Observational
- Reactivation ofCase reports in infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Does cytomegalovirus infection increase the risk of tuberculosis in UK children?Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Observational
- Quantitative measures of humanPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Impact of cytomegalovirus exposure on disease severity, bacterial burden, immune responses and treatment outcomes in tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Rare Case of Concomitant Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Cytomegalovirus Infection in an Immunocompetent Patient.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Unmasking the hidden impact of viruses on tuberculosis risk.Trends in immunology · 2024Review
- Human cytomegalovirus microRNAs: strategies for immune evasion and viral latency.Archives of virology · 2024Review
- Human Cytomegalovirus Immunoglobulin G Response and Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Adolescents: A Case-Control Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- IV BCG Vaccination and Aerosol BCG Revaccination Induce Mycobacteria-Responsive γδ T Cells Associated with Protective Efficacy againstVaccines · 2023Article
- Baseline Cytomegalovirus Viremia at Cryptococcal Meningitis Diagnosis Is Associated With Long-term Increased Incident TB Disease and Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Ugandan Adults With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Effect of Cytomegalovirus on the Immune System: Implications for Aging and Mental Health.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Indirect effects of cytomegalovirus infection: Implications for vaccine development.Reviews in medical virology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Over 1 million children develop tuberculosis (TB) each year, with a quarter dying. Multiple factors impact the risk of a child being exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the risk of progressing to TB disease, and the risk of dying. However, an emerging body of evidence suggests that coinfection with cytomegalovirus (CMV), a ubiquitous herpes virus, impacts the host response to Mtb, potentially influencing the probability of disease progression, type of TB disease, performance of TB diagnostics, and disease outcome. It is also likely that infection with Mtb impacts CMV pathogenesis. Our current understanding of the burden of these 2 diseases in children, their immunological interactions, and the clinical consequence of coinfection is incomplete. It is also unclear how potential interventions might affect disease progression and outcome for TB or CMV. This article reviews the epidemiological, clinical, and immunological literature on CMV and TB in children and explores how the 2 pathogens interact, while also considering the impact of HIV on this relationship. It outlines areas of research uncertainty and makes practical suggestions as to potential studies that might address these gaps. Current research is hampered by inconsistent definitions, study designs, and laboratory practices, and more consistency and collaboration between researchers would lead to greater clarity. The ambitious targets outlined in the World Health Organization End TB Strategy will only be met through a better understanding of all aspects of child TB, including the substantial impact of coinfections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.