Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34881683›Full record

ArticleCognitive neuropsychology

Apraxia of speech and the study of speech production impairments: Can we avoid further confusion? Reply to Romani (2021).

Marja-Liisa Mailend, Edwin Maas, Brad H Story

Abstract readComment
In one paragraph

Article in Cognitive neuropsychology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Refined Operational Definitions for the Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale.American journal of speech-language pathology · 2025
    Article
  3. The serial order system in word production and working memory: A case series approach.Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Marja-Liisa MailendMoss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Einstein Healthcare Network, Elkins Park, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5169-3810
Edwin MaasDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4452-2196
Brad H StorySpeech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.

Funding

Speech Motor Planning in Apraxia of Speech and AphasiaF31DC014375 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA · PI MAILEND, MARJA-LIISA · 2015 to 2016
$87k
NIDCD NIH HHS F31 DC014375
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We agree with Cristina Romani (CR) about reducing confusion and agree that the issues raised in her commentary are central to the study of apraxia of speech (AOS). However, CR critiques our approach from the perspective of basic cognitive neuropsychology. This is confusing and misleading because, contrary to CR's claim, we did not attempt to inform models of typical speech production. Instead, we relied on such models to study the impairment in the clinical category of AOS (translational cognitive neuropsychology). Thus, the approach along with the underlying assumptions is different. This response aims to clarify these assumptions, broaden the discussion regarding the methodological approach, and address CR's concerns. We argue that our approach is well-suited to meet the goals of our recent studies and is commensurate with the current state of the science of AOS. Ultimately, a plurality of approaches is needed to understand a phenomenon as complex as AOS.

Indexed as

AphasiaApraxiasConfusionFemaleHumansSpeechSpeech DisordersSpeech Production MeasurementApraxia of speechclinical diagnosismethodological approachspeech/language production

Identifiers

PMID34881683
PMCPMC10011684

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.