ArticleFrontiers in public health2021
Trends in Informal Payments by Patients in Europe: A Public Health Policy Approach.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Informal payments and the illusion of free care: a perspective from Somalia's fragile health system.International journal for equity in health · 2026Article
- Beyond the price tag: a scoping review of the determinants of informal payments in health systems and strategies for curbing them.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Historical origins of corruption in the Romanian public health system - path dependency and contagion effect.Health economics review · 2024Article
- What Lies Behind Substantial Differences in COVID-19 Vaccination Rates Between EU Member States?Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Informal payments by patients, institutional trust and institutional asymmetry.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.