Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34881081›Full record

ReviewAging and disease2021

The Applications of Focused Ultrasound (FUS) in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment: A Systematic Review on Both Animal and Human Studies.

Xiaodan Liu, S Sta Maria Naomi, Wu Lin Sharon, E Jacobs Russell

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Aging and disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Reconstructing cerebral lymphatic clearance: an emerging target in the Alzheimer's disease therapeutic pipeline.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Review
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  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
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  12. Article
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  15. Article
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  18. Stable Cavitation Interferes with AβJournal of chemical information and modeling · 2022
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xiaodan LiuZilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
S Sta Maria NaomiZilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Wu Lin SharonZilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
E Jacobs RussellZilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
University of Southern California · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects the basic ability to function and has imposed an immense burden on the community and health care system. Focused ultrasound (FUS) has recently been proposed as a novel noninvasive therapeutic approach for AD. However, systematic reviews on the FUS application in AD treatment have not been forthcoming. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria to summarize the techniques associated with safety and efficacy, as well as possible underlying mechanisms of FUS effects on AD in animal and human studies. Animal studies demonstrated FUS with microbubbles (FUS-MB) induced blood-brain-barrier (BBB) opening that could facilitate various therapeutic agents entering the brain. Repeated FUS-MB and FUS stimulation can relieve AD pathology and improve cognitive and memory function. Human studies showed repeated FUS-MB are well tolerated with few adverse events and FUS stimulation could enhance local perfusion and neural function, which correlated with cognitive improvement. We conclude that FUS is a feasible and safe therapeutic and drug delivery strategy for AD. However, FUS treatment on humans is still in the early stages and requires further optimization and standardization.

Indexed as

Alzheimer’s disease (AD)Focused ultrasound (FUS)systematic review

Identifiers

PMID34881081
PMCPMC8612615
OpenAlexW4200136941

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.