ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
The Impact of Inflammation on the Immune Responses to Transplantation: Tolerance or Rejection?
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Chimeric Antigen Receptor Regulatory T Cells in Promoting Immune Tolerance in Solid Organ Transplantation:Saudi medical journal · 2026Review
- Alternative Preservation Strategies of Donation After Circulatory Death Hearts: Effect of Cold Ischemia Time Before Normothermic Machine Perfusion.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- A novel strategy to prolong heart allograft survival in a mouse model using soluble programmed death ligand-1 combined with tacrolimus.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Residential Environmental Composition and Risk of Acute Cellular Rejection After Heart Transplantation: A Multi-Scale Buffer Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Postoperative Day-28 Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Early Mortality After Lung Transplantation.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A comprehensive review on the role of PM2.5 in modulating transplant immunity and graft survival.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Review
- Characterization of inflammatory skin conditions and autoimmune conditions in solid organ transplant patients at a large metropolitan academic center.JAAD international · 2026Article
- Increased phenotypic and functional stability of human allospecific induced Tregs is associated with Vitamin C-mediatedFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A stage-based framework to interpret regulatory T cell biology after heart transplantation.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- From thresholds to trajectories: a perspective on reframing alloimmune risk for computational modeling in solid organ transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Engineering the Immune Response to Biomaterials.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for acute allograft rejection and delayed graft function prediction in kidney transplant recipients: a meta-analysis.Clinical transplantation and research · 2025Article
- Fibrinogen Oxidation and Thrombosis: Shaping Structure and Function.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Kidney Allograft Rejection as an Independent Nontraditional Risk Factor for Post-Transplant Cardiovascular Events.Kidney360 · 2025Article
- Advances in immunomodulation for organ transplantation: The role of the Annexin A1/FPR axis.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2025Article
- Article
- From bench to bedside: translating mesenchymal stem cell therapies through preclinical and clinical evidence.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Review
- Oxidative stress-induced fibrinogen modifications in liver transplant recipients: unraveling a novel potential mechanism for cardiovascular risk.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2024Article
- Allogeneic HLA Humoral Immunogenicity and the Prediction of Donor-Specific HLA Antibody Development.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transplantation (Tx) remains the optimal therapy for end-stage disease (ESD) of various solid organs. Although alloimmune events remain the leading cause of long-term allograft loss, many patients develop innate and adaptive immune responses leading to graft tolerance. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of selected aspects of the effects of inflammation on this delicate balance following solid organ transplantation. Initially, we discuss the inflammatory mediators detectable in an ESD patient. Then, the specific inflammatory mediators found post-Tx are elucidated. We examine the reciprocal relationship between donor-derived passenger leukocytes (PLs) and those of the recipient, with additional emphasis on extracellular vesicles, specifically exosomes, and we examine their role in determining the balance between tolerance and rejection. The concept of recipient antigen-presenting cell "cross-dressing" by donor exosomes is detailed. Immunological consequences of the changes undergone by cell surface antigens, including HLA molecules in donor and host immune cells activated by proinflammatory cytokines, are examined. Inflammation-mediated donor endothelial cell (EC) activation is discussed along with the effect of donor-recipient EC chimerism. Finally, as an example of a specific inflammatory mediator, a detailed analysis is provided on the dynamic role of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its receptor post-Tx, especially given the potential for therapeutic interdiction of this axis with monoclonal antibodies. We aim to provide a holistic as well as a reductionist perspective of the inflammation-impacted immune events that precede and follow Tx. The objective is to differentiate tolerogenic inflammation from that enhancing rejection, for potential therapeutic modifications. (
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.