Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34880227›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

A predominant enhancer co-amplified with the SOX2 oncogene is necessary and sufficient for its expression in squamous cancer.

Yanli Liu, Zhong Wu, Jin Zhou, Dinesh K A Ramadurai, Katelyn L Mortenson, Estrella Aguilera-Jimenez, Yifei Yan, Xiaojun Yang, Alison M Taylor, Katherine E Varley and 7 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Enhancer Reprogramming Reveals the Tumorigenic Role of PTPRZ1 in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.

Yanli Liu *State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Zhong Wu *Department of Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Jin Zhou *Department of Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Dinesh K A RamaduraiDepartment of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Katelyn L MortensonDepartment of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4239-4840
Estrella Aguilera-JimenezDepartment of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4160-2855
Yifei YanCancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Xiaojun YangCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shanxi, China.
Alison M TaylorDepartment of Pathology and Cell Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Katherine E VarleyDepartment of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Jason GertzDepartment of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Peter S ChoiDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Andrew D CherniackDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0470-0111
Xingdong ChenState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Adam J BassDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8193-4758
Swneke D BaileyCancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada. swneke.bailey@mcgill.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3778-8391
Xiaoyang ZhangState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. xiaoyang_zhang@fudan.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0031-0290
University of Utah · USBroad Institute · USHarvard University · USMcGill University Health Centre · CAColumbia University Irving Medical Center · USFudan University · CNNorthwest A&F University · CNUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Amplification and overexpression of the SOX2 oncogene represent a hallmark of squamous cancers originating from diverse tissue types. Here, we find that squamous cancers selectively amplify a 3' noncoding region together with SOX2, which harbors squamous cancer-specific chromatin accessible regions. We identify a single enhancer e1 that predominantly drives SOX2 expression. Repression of e1 in SOX2-high cells causes collapse of the surrounding enhancers, remarkable reduction in SOX2 expression, and a global transcriptional change reminiscent of SOX2 knockout. The e1 enhancer is driven by a combination of transcription factors including SOX2 itself and the AP-1 complex, which facilitates recruitment of the co-activator BRD4. CRISPR-mediated activation of e1 in SOX2-low cells is sufficient to rebuild the e1-SOX2 loop and activate SOX2 expression. Our study shows that squamous cancers selectively amplify a predominant enhancer to drive SOX2 overexpression, uncovering functional links among enhancer activation, chromatin looping, and lineage-specific copy number amplifications of oncogenes.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticBromodomain Containing ProteinsCarcinoma, Squamous CellCell Cycle ProteinsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationChromatinCRISPR-Cas SystemsEnhancer Elements, GeneticEpigenomicsFemaleGene Knockout TechniquesHeterograftsHumansNeoplasms, Squamous CellOncogenesBRD4 protein, humanBromodomain Containing ProteinsCell Cycle ProteinsChromatinSOX2 protein, humanSOXB1 Transcription FactorsTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID34880227
PMCPMC8654995
OpenAlexW4200349790

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.