Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34880218›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Low immunogenicity of LNP allows repeated administrations of CRISPR-Cas9 mRNA into skeletal muscle in mice.

Eriya Kenjo, Hiroyuki Hozumi, Yukimasa Makita, Kumiko A Iwabuchi, Naoko Fujimoto, Satoru Matsumoto, Maya Kimura, Yuichiro Amano, Masataka Ifuku, Youichi Naoe and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 187 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
187citing papers in PubMed
12.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

187 citing papers in PubMed, 267 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Cas12a chRDNA-mediatedMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. SORT LNPs encapsulating Cas9 mRNA achieve efficient editing in skeletal muscle in a dystrophic mouse model.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026
    Article
  13. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated upregulation of utrophin ameliorates Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. A primer on prime: A prime editing update from advances to first-in-human trial.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review

127 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Eriya KenjoT-CiRA Discovery, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-2206
Hiroyuki HozumiT-CiRA Discovery, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan.
Yukimasa MakitaT-CiRA Discovery, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9566-8286
Kumiko A IwabuchiTakeda-CiRA Joint Program, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
Naoko FujimotoTakeda-CiRA Joint Program, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
Satoru MatsumotoTakeda-CiRA Joint Program, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
Maya KimuraDrug Safety Research and Evaluation, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan.
Yuichiro AmanoDrug Safety Research and Evaluation, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan.
Masataka IfukuTakeda-CiRA Joint Program, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
Youichi NaoeTakeda-CiRA Joint Program, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
Naoto InukaiT-CiRA Discovery, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2331-3723
Akitsu HottaTakeda-CiRA Joint Program, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan. akitsu.hotta@cira.kyoto-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2619-7441
Takeda (Japan) · JPKyoto University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome editing therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) holds great promise, however, one major obstacle is delivery of the CRISPR-Cas9/sgRNA system to skeletal muscle tissues. In general, AAV vectors are used for in vivo delivery, but AAV injections cannot be repeated because of neutralization antibodies. Here we report a chemically defined lipid nanoparticle (LNP) system which is able to deliver Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA into skeletal muscle by repeated intramuscular injections. Although the expressions of Cas9 protein and sgRNA were transient, our LNP system could induce stable genomic exon skipping and restore dystrophin protein in a DMD mouse model that harbors a humanized exon sequence. Furthermore, administration of our LNP via limb perfusion method enables to target multiple muscle groups. The repeated administration and low immunogenicity of our LNP system are promising features for a delivery vehicle of CRISPR-Cas9 to treat skeletal muscle disorders.

Indexed as

CRISPR-Cas SystemsRNA, MessengerAnimalsCRISPR-Associated Protein 9Disease Models, AnimalDystrophinExonsGene EditingGenetic TherapyHumansLiposomesMiceMuscle, SkeletalMuscular Dystrophy, DuchenneNanoparticlesNeuromuscular DiseasesCRISPR-Associated Protein 9DMD protein, humanDystrophinLipid NanoparticlesLiposomesRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

PMID34880218
PMCPMC8654819
OpenAlexW4200595594

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.