ArticleAfrican journal of primary health care & family medicine2021
Scorecard metrics for assessing the extent of integration of community health worker programmes into national health systems.
Article in African journal of primary health care & family medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Chronic disease management: policy design based on service design methods.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Facilitators and Barriers in Collaborations Between Community Health Workers with Primary and Well-Being Providers in Primary Healthcare in Belgium.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Community Health Worker programmes' integration into national health systems: Scoping review.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2023Article
- Health systems strengthening through policy-level integration of community health worker programs into national health systems for improved health outcomes - scorecard metrics validation: A bifactor structural equation model approach.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- The Extent of Integration of Community Health Worker Programs Into National Health Systems: Case Study of Botswana.Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe effectiveness of community health workers (CHWs) in delivering community-based preventive services is often curtailed by inadequate or complete lack of integration of the CHW programmes into national health systems. Although literature has defined the context and guidelines for integrating CHW programmes into health systems, indicators to quantitatively assess the extent of integration are inadequately addressed.
aimThis article presents an integration scale - CHW Programme Integration Scorecard Metrics (CHWP-ISM) - for measuring the extent of CHW programme integration into national health systems.
settingLiterature review and policy documents were focused on sub-Saharan Africa, while interview participants were drawn from six African countries.
methodsA deductive-inductive approach to item and measurement scale development was employed. Information obtained from a combination of diverse literature sources, subject matter expert (SME) interviews and documentary abstraction from publicly available policy documents advised item generation for the proposed CHWP-ISM. The study qualitatively captured the sectoral CHW integration, thematically analysed the data and culminated in the quantitative integration metrics.
resultsAnalysis of the responses from six SMEs and abstraction from policy documents resulted in the compilation of metrics with a total of 100 indicators for the CHWP-ISM scale that could be used to assess the level of CHW programmes integration into national health systems. The indicators were categorised along the six World Health Organization's (WHO) health systems building blocks. Subject matter expert responses corresponded well with abstracted results from the 18 country CHW programmes, indicating content validity.
conclusionThe proposed scorecard metrics can be used to quantitatively rate the extent of CHW programmes integration into health systems, in an attempt to strengthen health systems to improve health outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.