Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34879329›Full record

ArticleNeurobiology of aging2022

Cognitive reserve proxies, Alzheimer pathologies, and cognition.

Kang Ko, Dahyun Yi, Min Soo Byun, Jun Ho Lee, So Yeon Jeon, Woo Jin Kim, Gihwan Byeon, Kiyoung Sung, Dongkyun Han, Younghwa Lee and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neurobiology of aging, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Protective Effects of Genetic Proxies of Cognitive Reserve in Parkinson's Disease: A Longitudinal Multi-Cohort Study.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Kang KoDepartment of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Dahyun YiMedical Research Center, Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Min Soo ByunDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Jun Ho LeeDepartment of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
So Yeon JeonDepartment of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Woo Jin KimDepartment of Psychiatry, Saranghae Mental Health Clinic, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Gihwan ByeonDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
Kiyoung SungDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Dongkyun HanDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Younghwa LeeDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Haejung JoungDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Gijung JungDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jun-Young LeeDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Heejung KimMedical Research Center, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Yu Kyeong KimDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Koung Mi KangDepartment of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Chul-Ho SohnDepartment of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Dong Young LeeMedical Research Center, Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: selfpsy@snu.ac.kr.
KBASE research groupDepartment of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Funding

KBASE2: Korean Brain Aging Study, Longitudinal Endophenotypes and Systems BiologyU01AG072177 · NIA · INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS · PI LEE, DONG YOUNG, NHO, KWANGSIK TIMOTHY · 2021 to 2025
$11.2M
NIA NIH HHS U01 AG072177
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the moderating effects of the frequently used cognitive reserve (CR) proxies [i.e., education, premorbid intelligence quotient (pIQ), occupational complexity (OC), and lifetime cognitive activity (LCA)] on the relationships between various in vivo Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies and cognition. In total, 351 [268 cognitively unimpaired (CU), 83 cognitive impaired (CI)] older adults underwent multi-modal brain imaging to measure AD pathologies and cognitive assessments, and information on CR proxies was obtained. For overall participants, only education moderated the relationship between Aβ deposition and cognition. Education, pIQ, and LCA, but not OC, showed moderating effect on the relationship between AD-signature cerebral hypometabolism and cognition. In contrast, only OC had a moderating effect on the relationship between cortical atrophy of the AD-signature regions and cognition. Such moderation effects of the CR proxies were similarly observed in CI individuals, but most of them were not in CU individuals. The findings suggest that the proposed CR proxies have different moderating effects on the relationships between specific AD pathologies and cognition.

Indexed as

CognitionCognitive ReserveAgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseAmyloid beta-PeptidesAtrophyBrainCerebral CortexFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultimodal ImagingAmyloid beta-PeptidesAlzheimer pathologyCognitive activityCognitive reserveEducationIntelligenceOccupation

Identifiers

PMID34879329
PMCPMC9234822

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.