Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34877786›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2022

The protective gene dose effect of the APOE ε2 allele on gray matter volume in cognitively unimpaired individuals.

Gemma Salvadó, Daniel Ferreira, Grégory Operto, Irene Cumplido-Mayoral, Eider M Arenaza-Urquijo, Raffaele Cacciaglia, Carles Falcon, Natàlia Vilor-Tejedor, Carolina Minguillon, Colin Groot and 16 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Functional Analysis of Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Risk Genes inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  5. A novel approach to resilience and its links with education and Alzheimer's disease genetics.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. APOE ε4 carrier status moderates the effect of lifestyle factors on cognitive reserve.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024
    Article
  8. Multifaceted roles of APOE in Alzheimer disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2024
    Review
  9. Genetic characterization of the ALFA study: Uncovering genetic profiles in the Alzheimer's continuum.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Reproductive Markers in Alzheimer's Disease Progression: The Framingham Heart Study.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
  17. International consensus on the use of tau PET imaging agentEuropean journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2022
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Gemma SalvadóBarcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5210-9230
Daniel FerreiraDivision of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-9522-4338
Grégory OpertoBarcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-0208-1671
Irene Cumplido-MayoralBarcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1967-7025
Eider M Arenaza-UrquijoBarcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-7016-7576
Raffaele CacciagliaBarcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-9216-949X
Carles FalconBarcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5564-2025
Natàlia Vilor-TejedorBarcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-4935-6721
Carolina MinguillonBarcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2782-6908
Colin GrootAlzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-5802-6946
Wiesje M van der FlierAlzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-8766-6224
Frederik BarkhofDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU Medical Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3543-3706
Philip ScheltensAlzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1046-6408
Rik OssenkoppeleAlzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1584-7477
Silke KernNeuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Anna ZettergrenNeuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Ingmar SkoogNeuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AgeCap) at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-9803-3438
Jakub HortInternational Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
Erik StomrudDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-0841-5580
Danielle van WestenDiagnostic Radiology, Institution for Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-8649-9874
Oskar HanssonDepartment of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Memory Research Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-8467-7286
José Luis MolinuevoBarcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-0485-6001
Lars-Olof WahlundDivision of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-9905-8426
Eric WestmanDivision of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-3115-2977
Juan Domingo GispertBarcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-6155-0642
ALFA study†, BioFINDER, ADNI

Funding

Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative - SupplementU01AG024904 · NIA · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE RES &EDUC · PI WEINER, MICHAEL W · 2004 to 2015
$121.0M
Department of HealthNIA NIH HHS U01 AG024904
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionHarboring two copies of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε2 allele strongly protects against Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the effect of this genotype on gray matter (GM) volume in cognitively unimpaired individuals has not yet been described.

methodsMulticenter brain magnetic resonance images (MRIs) from cognitively unimpaired ε2 homozygotes were matched (1:1) against all other APOE genotypes for relevant confounders (n = 223). GM volumes of ε2 genotypic groups were compared to each other and to the reference group (APOE ε3/ε3).

resultsCarrying at least one ε2 allele was associated with larger GM volumes in brain areas typically affected by AD and also in areas associated with cognitive resilience. APOE ε2 homozygotes, but not APOE ε2 heterozygotes, showed larger GM volumes in areas related to successful aging. DISCUSSION: In addition to the known resistance against amyloid-β deposition, the larger GM volumes in key brain regions may confer APOE ε2 homozygotes additional protection against AD-related cognitive decline.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseApolipoprotein E2Cognitive DysfunctionGene DosageAllelesGenotypeGray MatterHumansApolipoprotein E2Alzheimer's diseaseAlzheimer's disease signatureapolipoprotein E ε2 carrierbrain maintenancebrain morphologybrain reservecognitive reservemagnetic resonancemulti-siteresilience signature

Identifiers

PMID34877786
PMCPMC9542211

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.