Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34876571›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Adiabatic versus non-adiabatic electron transfer at 2D electrode materials.

Dan-Qing Liu, Minkyung Kang, David Perry, Chang-Hui Chen, Geoff West, Xue Xia, Shayantan Chaudhuri, Zachary P L Laker, Neil R Wilson, Gabriel N Meloni and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Electron Transfer and Negative Ion Formation.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2025
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Multiscale Modeling of COChemSusChem · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Let's twist electrochem.Nature chemistry · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Dan-Qing LiuDepartment of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Minkyung KangDepartment of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
David PerryDepartment of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Chang-Hui ChenDepartment of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Geoff WestWarwick Manufacturing Group, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Xue XiaDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Shayantan ChaudhuriDepartment of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4299-1837
Zachary P L LakerDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Neil R WilsonDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2592-3077
Gabriel N MeloniDepartment of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
Marko M MelanderDepartment of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, (YN) FI-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland. marko.m.melander@jyu.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7111-1603
Reinhard J MaurerDepartment of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK. r.maurer@warwick.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3004-785X
Patrick R UnwinDepartment of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK. p.r.unwin@warwick.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3106-2178

Funding

Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 317739RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/L015315/1RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/P020232/1RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/R029431/1RCUK | Medical Research Council (MRC) MR/S016023/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

2D electrode materials are often deployed on conductive supports for electrochemistry and there is a great need to understand fundamental electrochemical processes in this electrode configuration. Here, an integrated experimental-theoretical approach is used to resolve the key electronic interactions in outer-sphere electron transfer (OS-ET), a cornerstone elementary electrochemical reaction, at graphene as-grown on a copper electrode. Using scanning electrochemical cell microscopy, and co-located structural microscopy, the classical hexaamineruthenium (III/II) couple shows the ET kinetics trend: monolayer > bilayer > multilayer graphene. This trend is rationalized quantitatively through the development of rate theory, using the Schmickler-Newns-Anderson model Hamiltonian for ET, with the explicit incorporation of electrostatic interactions in the double layer, and parameterized using constant potential density functional theory calculations. The ET mechanism is predominantly adiabatic; the addition of subsequent graphene layers increases the contact potential, producing an increase in the effective barrier to ET at the electrode/electrolyte interface.

Identifiers

PMID34876571
PMCPMC8651748

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.