Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34876091›Full record

SynthesisBMC public health2021

Long-term trends in blood pressure and hypertension in Russia: an analysis of data from 14 health surveys conducted in 1975-2017.

Elena Churilova, Vladimir M Shkolnikov, Svetlana A Shalnova, Alexander V Kudryavtsev, Sofia Malyutina, Odd Nilssen, Tiina Laatikainen, David A Leon

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Elena ChurilovaNational Research University Higher School of Economics, Bolshoy Trekhsvyatitelskiy pereulok 3, Moscow, Russian Federation, 109038.
Vladimir M ShkolnikovNational Research University Higher School of Economics, Bolshoy Trekhsvyatitelskiy pereulok 3, Moscow, Russian Federation, 109038. Shkolnikov@demogr.mpg.de.
Svetlana A ShalnovaNational Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Petroverigskiy pereulok 10, Moscow, Russian Federation, 101990.
Alexander V KudryavtsevNorthern State Medical University, Troitsky Avenue 51, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation, 163069.
Sofia MalyutinaResearch Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, B. Bogatkova str. 175/1, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 630089.
Odd NilssenUiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
Tiina LaatikainenFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland.
David A LeonNational Research University Higher School of Economics, Bolshoy Trekhsvyatitelskiy pereulok 3, Moscow, Russian Federation, 109038.
UiT The Arctic University of Norway · NONational Research University Higher School of Economics · RUFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare · FIInstitute of Cytology and Genetics · RUNational Research Center for Preventive Medicine · RU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHypertension is recognized as an important contributor to high cardiovascular mortality in Russia. A comprehensive analysis of data from Russian studies that measured blood pressure in population-based samples has not been previously undertaken. This study aims to identify trends and patterns in mean blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in Russia over the most recent 40 years.

methodsWe obtained anonymized individual records of blood pressure measurements from 14 surveys conducted in Russia in 1975-2017 relating to a total of 137,687 individuals. For comparative purposes we obtained equivalent data from 4 surveys in the USA and England for 23,864 individuals. A meta-regression on aggregated data adjusted for education was undertaken to estimate time trends in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (> 140/90 mmHg), and hypertension (defined as elevated blood pressure and/or the use of blood pressure-lowering) medication. A meta-analysis of pooled individual-level data was used to assess male-female differences in blood pressure and hypertension.

resultsDuring the period 1975-2017 mean blood pressure, the prevalence of elevated blood pressure and hypertension remained stable among Russian men. Among Russian women, mean systolic blood pressure decreased at an annual rate of 0.25 mmHg (p < 0.1) at age 35-54 years and by 0.8 mmHg (p < 0.01) at ages 55 and over. The prevalence of elevated blood pressure also decreased by 0.8% per year (p < 0.01), but the prevalence of hypertension remained stable. Mean blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension were higher in Russia compared to the USA and England at all ages and for both sexes.

conclusionsIn contrast to the generally observed downward trend in elevated blood pressure in many other countries, levels in Russia have changed little over the past 40 years, although there are some positive trends among women. Improved strategies to bring down the high levels of mean blood pressure and hypertension in Russia compared to countries such as England and the USA are important to further reduce the high burden of CVD in Russia.

Indexed as

HypertensionAdultBlood PressureFemaleHealth SurveysHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRussiaBlood pressureHypertensionInternational differencesMeta-analysisRussia

Identifiers

PMID34876091
PMCPMC8653591
OpenAlexW4200577257

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.