ArticleThe Journal of surgical research2022
Variations in Discharge Destination Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury across the United States.
Article in The Journal of surgical research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Transport and destination hospital for patients with suspected multiple and/or severe injuries - a systematic review and clinical practice guideline update.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026Pooled it
- Correlating Various Clinical Outcomes and Associated Dispositions in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI).Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Development of clinical decision support for patients older than 65 years with fall-related TBI using artificial intelligence modeling.PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDischarge destination after traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be influenced by non-patient factors such as regional or institutional practice patterns. We hypothesized that non-patient factors would be associated with discharge destination in severe TBI patients.
methodsAll patients in the ACS Trauma Quality Improvement Program 2016 data set with severe TBI, defined as head Abbreviated Injury Scale ≥3, were categorized by discharge destination. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with each destination; odds ratios and 95% confidence level are reported. Regressions were adjusted for age, gender, race, insurance, GCS, ISS, polytrauma, mechanism, neurosurgical procedure, geographic region, teaching status, trauma center level, hospital size, and neurosurgeon group size.
results75,690 patients met inclusion criteria. 51% were discharged to home, 16% to rehab, 14% to SNF, and 11% deceased. Mortality was similar across geographic region, teaching status, and hospital size. Southern patients were more likely to be discharged to home while Northeastern patients were more likely to be discharged to rehab. Treatment by groups of 3 or more neurosurgeons was associated with SNF discharge as was treatment at community or non-teaching hospitals. Patients treated at larger hospitals were less likely to be discharged to rehab and more likely to go to SNF.
conclusionsGeographic region, neurosurgeon group size, teaching status, and hospital size are significantly associated with variation in discharge destination following severe TBI. Regional and institutional variation in practice patterns may play important roles in recovery for some patients with severe TBI.
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