ArticleJournal of psychiatric research2022
Trends of depression and anxiety during massive civil unrest and COVID-19 in Hong Kong, 2019-2020.
Article in Journal of psychiatric research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Depression and its associated factors among adult women in Bangladesh during the July 2024 revolution.Discover mental health · 2026Article
- Prevalence, persistence, and severity of 12-month and 30-day DSM-5 disorders in the World Mental Health Hong Kong Study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Population-Wide Depression Incidence Forecasting Comparing Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average and Vector Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average to Temporal Fusion Transformers: Longitudinal Observational Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Observational
- Work-related stress among sworn and non-sworn law enforcement personnel.International journal of police science & management · 2024Article
- Article
- Stress and depressive symptoms in university students in Hong Kong under the pandemic: Moderating effect of positive psychological attributes.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Trends in U.S. Depression Prevalence From 2015 to 2020: The Widening Treatment Gap.American journal of preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Feasibility, engagement, and preliminary clinical outcomes of a digital biodata-driven intervention for anxiety and depression.Frontiers in digital health · 2022Article
- The impact of trust in government on pandemic management on the compliance with voluntary COVID-19 vaccination policy among adolescents after social unrest in Hong Kong.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- The relation of unrest-related distress with probable depression during and after widespread civil unrest.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- Substantial increase in perceived benefits over harms of COVID-19 outbreak but persistent socioeconomic disparities: Comparison of two cross-sectional surveys in Hong Kong from 2020 to 2021.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Measurement of burnout during the prolonged pandemic in the Chinese zero-COVID context: COVID-19 burnout views scale.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Both COVID-19 and unrest are posing a significant threat to population mental health across the globe. This study examined trends of probable depression and anxiety during a time of civil unrest and concurrent COVID-19 in Hong Kong. Four random digit dialing telephone surveys were conducted in July 2019 (n = 1112), February-March 2020 (n = 2003), April-May 2020 (n = 2008), and July-August 2020 (n = 2034). The prevalence of probable depression increased from 25.7% (95% CI: 23.2-28.3) in July 2019 to 28.2% (95% CI: 26.2-30.1) in February-March 2020, and then decreased to 15.3% (95% CI: 14.0-17.0) in April-May 2020 and 13.7% (95% CI: 12.2-15.2) in July-August 2020. The prevalence of probable anxiety was 19.2% (95% CI: 17.5-20.9) in February-March 2020 and then stabilized in April-May 2020 and July-August 2020 (14.1%, 95% CI: 12.0-15.8). Probable depression and anxiety were more prevalent among persons with high relative to low daily routine disruptions. Combined high unrest-COVID-19 stress was associated with probable depression and anxiety across all persons; high unrest stress alone was associated with probable mental disorders at high daily routine disruptions. Civil unrest and COVID-19 are jointly associated with depression and anxiety among Hong Kong citizens. While population mental health improved, daily routine disruptions is a risk factor of mental disorders at every time-point.
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