Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34875069›Full record

ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2022

Navigating Black Aging: The Biological Consequences of Stress and Depression.

Sarah N Forrester, Keith E Whitfield, Catarina I Kiefe, Roland J Thorpe

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Adverse policing as a social exposome pathway: Implications for depression, cognition, and dementia risk.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Observational
  6. Article
  7. Observational
  8. Aging, Race, and Health Disparities: Recommendations From the Research Centers Collaborative Network.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Self-reported experiences of discrimination and incident dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023
    Article
  11. Intersectionality in Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of Female Sex and Black American Race in the Development and Prevalence of Alzheimer's Disease.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Sarah N ForresterDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3865-4400
Keith E WhitfieldUniversity of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
Catarina I KiefeDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
Roland J ThorpeDepartment of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · USJohns Hopkins University · USUniversity of Nevada, Las Vegas · US

Funding

University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical Science and Translational SupplementUL1TR001453 · NCATS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI LUZURIAGA, KATHERINE F · 2015 to 2024
$39.0M
Why Place MattersU54MD000214 · NIMHD · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI THORPE, ROLAND J. · 2017 to 2022
$8.8M
The Johns Hopkins Alzheimer's Disease Resource Center for Minority Aging Research - Research Ed ComponentP30AG059298 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Joseph John Gallo, ROLAND J. THORPE · 2018 to 2026
$7.1M
University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational ScienceKL2TR001455 · NCATS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI KIEFE, CATARINA I. · 2015 to 2024
$5.0M
Longevity and Stress in African American FamiliesR01AG054363 · NIA · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI THORPE, ROLAND J., WHITFIELD, KEITH E. · 2016 to 2020
$3.4M
University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational ScienceKL2TR000160 · NCATS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI LUZURIAGA, KATHERINE F · 2012 to 2014
$1.7M
Stress and Mortality Among Black MenK02AG059140 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI THORPE, ROLAND J. · 2018 to 2022
$1.1M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR000160NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001455NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001453NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800003INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800004INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800005INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800006INHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201800007INIA NIH HHS K02AG059140NIA NIH HHS P30 AG059298NIA NIH HHS R01 AG054363NIH HHS KL2TR001455NIMHD NIH HHS U54 MD000214NIMHD NIH HHS U54MD000214
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesBlack persons in the United States are more likely to suffer from social inequality. Chronic stress caused by social inequality and racial discrimination results in weathering of the body that causes physiological dysregulation and biological age being higher than chronological age (accelerated aging). Depression has been linked to both racial discrimination and accelerated aging and accelerated aging has been demonstrated to be higher in Black than White persons, on average. However, we know little about accelerated aging across the life course in Black Americans.

methodsWe used mixed-effects growth models to measure biological age acceleration, measured with cardiometabolic markers, over a 20-year period in Black participants of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study who were aged 27-42 years at analytic baseline. We included an interaction between depressive symptoms and time to determine whether risk of depression was associated with a faster rate of biological aging.

resultsWe found that the rate of biological aging increased over a 20-year span and that those at risk for depression had a faster rate of biological aging than those not at risk. We also found that various social factors were associated with biological age acceleration over time. DISCUSSION: Given the known association between perceived racial discrimination and depressive symptoms, we provide a novel instance of the long-term effects of social inequality. Specifically, biological age acceleration, a marker of physiological dysregulation, is associated with time among Black persons and more strongly associated among those with depressive symptoms.

Indexed as

DepressionRacismAgingBlack or African AmericanHumansUnited StatesWhite PeopleBiological age accelerationCARDIADepression symptomsHigh-effort copingSocial support

Identifiers

PMID34875069
PMCPMC9683493
OpenAlexW4200398688

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.