Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34873910›Full record

ArticleThe journal of physical chemistry letters2021

Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Evolution Revealing Vaccine-Resistant Mutations in Europe and America.

Rui Wang, Jiahui Chen, Guo-Wei Wei

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of physical chemistry letters, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
74citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  11. Over time analysis of the codon usage of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Persistent Mayer Dirac.Journal of physics. Complexity · 2024
    Article
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  16. Knot data analysis using multiscale Gauss link integral.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
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14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Rui WangDepartment of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7402-6372
Jiahui ChenDepartment of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5416-6231
Guo-Wei WeiDepartment of Mathematics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5781-2937

Funding

AI-based platform for predicting emerging vaccine-escape variants and designing mutation-proof antibodiesR01AI164266 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA · PI Guowei Wei, YONG-HUI ZHENG · 2022 to 2026
$2.7M
Synergistic integration of topology and machine learning for the predictions of protein-ligand binding affinities and mutation impactsR01GM126189 · NIGMS · MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY · PI WEI, GUOWEI · 2018 to 2021
$1.4M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI164266NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM126189
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The importance of understanding SARS-CoV-2 evolution cannot be overlooked. Recent studies confirm that natural selection is the dominating mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 evolution, which favors mutations that strengthen viral infectivity. Here, we demonstrate that vaccine-breakthrough or antibody-resistant mutations provide a new mechanism of viral evolution. Specifically, vaccine-resistant mutation Y449S in the spike (S) protein receptor-binding domain, which occurred in co-mutations Y449S and N501Y, has reduced infectivity compared to that of the original SARS-CoV-2 but can disrupt existing antibodies that neutralize the virus. By tracking the evolutionary trajectories of vaccine-resistant mutations in more than 2.2 million SARS-CoV-2 genomes, we reveal that the occurrence and frequency of vaccine-resistant mutations correlate strongly with the vaccination rates in Europe and America. We anticipate that as a complementary transmission pathway, vaccine-breakthrough or antibody-resistant mutations, like those in Omicron, will become a dominating mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 evolution when most of the world's population is either vaccinated or infected. Our study sheds light on SARS-CoV-2 evolution and transmission and enables the design of the next-generation mutation-proof vaccines and antibody drugs.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularAmericasAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Antibodies, NeutralizingBreakthrough InfectionsCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesEuropeHumansMutationProtein BindingProtein DomainsSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusVaccinationAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Antibodies, NeutralizingCOVID-19 VaccinesSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID34873910
PMCPMC8672435

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.