ArticleActa neurochirurgica2022
The "springform" technique in cranioplasty: custom made 3D-printed templates for intraoperative modelling of polymethylmethacrylate cranial implants.
Article in Acta neurochirurgica, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of a new operative 3D printed template-cranioplasty-concept for performing craniotomy in the posterior cranial fossa and validation of the system using a 3D printed simulation model: a preclinical feasibility study.3D printing in medicine · 2026Article
- 3D-printed navigation templates combined with multimodal imaging assist low-grade glioma surgery: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Comparative Safety and Efficacy of Patient-Specific Versus Hand-Molded Implants in Cranioplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- AI-assisted prostheses manufacturing for cranioplasties in low-income countries. A case report and technique description.Journal of surgical case reports · 2025Article
- Single-Session Surgical Intervention with Resection of a Primary Cranial Osteosarcoma and Cranioplasty using a 3D-Printed Craniotomy Template and Cranioplasty Molds.Journal of neurological surgery reports · 2025Article
- Single-step 3D printing aided cranio-orbital reconstruction with patient specific polyetheretherketone implants after resection of benign spheno-orbital tumors.Acta neurochirurgica · 2024Article
- Cost differences between autologous and nonautologous cranioplasty implants: A propensity score-matched value driven outcomes analysis.World neurosurgery: X · 2024Article
- Personalized 3D-printed cranial implants for complex cranioplasty using open-source software.Surgical neurology international · 2024Article
- Bespoke Implants for Cranial Reconstructions: Preoperative to Postoperative Surgery Management System.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Clinical and patient-reported outcome after patient-specific 3D printer-assisted cranioplasty.Neurosurgical review · 2023Article
- Point-of-Care Virtual Surgical Planning and 3D Printing in Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Low-Cost Cranioplasty-A Systematic Review of 3D Printing in Medicine.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundManual moulding of cranioplasty implants after craniectomy is feasible, but does not always yield satisfying cosmetic results. In contrast, 3D printing can provide precise templates for intraoperative moulding of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) implants in cranioplasty. Here, we present a novel and easily implementable 3D printing workflow to produce patient-specific, sterilisable templates for PMMA implant moulding in cranioplastic neurosurgery.
methods3D printable templates of patients with large skull defects before and after craniectomy were designed virtually from cranial CT scans. Both templates - a mould to reconstruct the outer skull shape and a ring representing the craniectomy defect margins - were printed on a desktop 3D printer with biocompatible photopolymer resins and sterilised after curing. Implant moulding and implantation were then performed intraoperatively using the templates. Clinical and radiological data were retrospectively analysed.
resultsSixteen PMMA implants were performed on 14 consecutive patients within a time span of 10 months. The median defect size was 83.4 cm
conclusionOur novel 3D printing-aided moulding workflow for elective cranioplasty with patient-specific PMMA implants proved to be an easily implementable alternative to solely manual implant moulding. The "springform" principle, focusing on reconstruction of the precraniectomy skull shape and perfect closure of the craniectomy defect, was feasible and showed excellent cosmetic results. The proposed method combines the precision and cosmetic advantages of computer-aided design (CAD) implants with the cost-effectiveness of manually moulded PMMA implants.
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