ReviewAmerican journal of cancer research2021
Dual anticancer role of metformin: an old drug regulating AMPK dependent/independent pathways in metabolic, oncogenic/tumorsuppresing and immunity context.
Review in American journal of cancer research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of metformin on melanoma: a meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Metformin Suppresses Glioblastoma Tumor Growth and Progression Through the AMPK/FoxO3a/Survivin Axis.Cells · 2026Article
- Review
- TNF-α modulates cell proliferation via SOX4/TGF-β/Smad signaling in benign prostatic hyperplasia.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Metformin sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer to histone deacetylase inhibitors by targeting FGFR4.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
- Metformin inhibits the growth of SCLC cells by inducing autophagy and apoptosis via the suppression of EGFR and AKT signalling.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Anti-Aging Mechanism of Metformin: From Molecular Insights to Clinical Applications.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Metformin enhances alpelisib sensitivity in HER2+ breast cancer by suppressing cancer stemness and oncogenic signaling.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Review
- Rethinking about Metformin: Promising Potentials.Korean journal of family medicine · 2024Article
- Dietary Influence on Drug Efficacy: A Comprehensive Review of Ketogenic Diet-Pharmacotherapy Interactions.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Systematic Investigation of Dose-Dependent Protein Thermal Stability Changes to Uncover the Mechanisms of the Pleiotropic Effects of Metformin.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- Metformin may improve the outcome of patients with colorectal cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus partly through effects on neutrophil extracellular traps.BJC reports · 2023Article
- Metformin: update on mechanisms of action and repurposing potential.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2023Review
- The function, mechanisms, and clinical applications of metformin: potential drug, unlimited potentials.Archives of pharmacal research · 2023Review
- Protection by metformin against severe Covid-19: An in-depth mechanistic analysis.Diabetes & metabolism · 2022Review
- Metformin and Cancer, an Ambiguanidous Relationship.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Combination of Metformin and Sorafenib Induces Ferroptosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through p62-Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway.Journal of Cancer · 2022Article
- Concomitant Medication Effects on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Efficacy and Toxicity.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metformin has been known to treat type 2 diabetes for decades and is widely prescribed antidiabetic drug. Recently, its anticancer potential has also been discovered. Moreover, metformin has low cost thus it has attained profound research interest. Comprehensing the complexity of the molecular regulatory networks in cancer provides a mode for advancement of research in cancer development and treatment. Metformin targets many pathways that play an important role in cancer cell survival outcome. Here, we described anticancer activity of metformin on the AMPK dependent/independent mechanisms regulating metabolism, oncogene/tumor suppressor signaling pathways together with the issue of clinical studies. We also provided brief overwiev about recently described metformin's role in cancer immunity. Insight in these complex molecular networks, will simplify application of metformin in clinical trials and contribute to improvement of anti-cancer therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34873484PMC8640802W4206856722What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.