ArticleNature microbiology2022
Rapid pathogen-specific recruitment of immune effector cells in the skin by secreted toxins.
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Article in Nature microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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20citing papers in PubMed
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20 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Activation of the Cerebrospinal Fluid-Contacting Nucleus Mitigates Systemic Inflammation Induced by Sepsis.Shock (Augusta, Ga.) · 2026Article
- Macrophage-derived amphiregulin induces myofibroblast transition in adipogenic lineage precursors near Staphylococcus aureus abscess in bone marrow.Nature communications · 2025Article
- [Advancement in neutrophil-based drug delivery systems].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2025Review
- YjbH contributes toVirulence · 2024Article
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- Characterization of immunomodulating agents from Staphylococcus aureus for priming immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancers.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Time-course transcriptome analysis of lungs from mice infected with inhaled aerosolizedJournal of thoracic disease · 2023Article
- Staphylococcus epidermidis activates keratinocyte cytokine expression and promotes skin inflammation through the production of phenol-soluble modulins.Cell reports · 2023Article
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- Extensive re-modelling of the cell wall during the development ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Microbes and the fate of neutrophils.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- New insight into the virulence and inflammatory response ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Keratinocytes use FPR2 to detectFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The Small RNA Teg41 Is a Pleiotropic Regulator of Virulence in Staphylococcus aureus.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Genotypes ofToxins · 2022Article
- Kinetic Characterization of the Immune Response to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Subcutaneous Skin Infection.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Identification and characterization of the pathogenic potential of phenol-soluble modulin toxins in the mouse commensalFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Staphylococcus aureus PSMs are a double-edged sword.Nature microbiology · 2022Article
- Photocatalytic CuInternational journal of nanomedicine · 2022Article
- EnterotoxigenicGut microbesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
26 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Thuan H Nguyen *Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Gordon Y C Cheung *Pathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Kevin M RigbyPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Olena KamenyevaBiological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Juraj KabatBiological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Daniel E SturdevantGenomics Unit, Research Technology Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
Amer E VillaruzPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Ryan LiuPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Pipat PiewngamPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9083-0483
Adeline R PorterPathogen-Host Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
Saba FirdousPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Janice ChiouPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Matthew D ParkPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Rachelle L HuntPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0087-8310
Fawaz M F AlmufarrijiPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Vee Y TanPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Titus K AsiamahPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Joshua W McCauslandPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6585-0506
Emilie L FisherPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Anthony J YehPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Justin S BaePathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7166-9030
Scott D KobayashiPathogen-Host Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
Ji Ming WangLaboratory of Cancer and Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, USA.
Daniel L BarberT-Lymphocyte Biology Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-7509
Frank R DeLeoPathogen-Host Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA.
Michael OttoPathogen Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. motto@niaid.nih.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2222-4115
National Institutes of Health · USCedars-Sinai Medical Center · USFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research · USUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore · US
Funding
Infectious Diseases Research Technologies Core - BethesdaZICAI001051 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI CHERRY, JAMES · 2009 to 2025
$226.1MStaphylococcal pathogenesisZIAAI000904 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI OTTO, MICHAEL · 2009 to 2025
$22.6MImmune Regulation in Mycobacterial InfectionsZIAAI001171 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI BARBER, DANIEL · 2012 to 2025
$16.7MMechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus virulenceZIAAI001079 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI DELEO, FRANK · 2009 to 2025
$11.8MThe Role of Cellular Receptors Involved in Inflammation and Tumor ProgressionZIABC010015 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI WANG, JI MING · 2009 to 2023
$6.3MRole of Formylpeptide Receptors in Host DefenseZIABC010725 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI WANG, JI MING · 2009 to 2023
$6.3MInteraction of pathogenic bacteria with human phagocytic leukocytesZIAAI000900 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI DELEO, FRANK · 2009 to 2023
$3.6MStaphylococcus Epidermidis Biofilm FormationZ01AI000904 · NIAID · NIAID EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES · PI OTTO, MICHAEL J · 2002 to 2008
$2.5MMechanisms of community MRSA virulenceZ01AI001079 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI DELEO, FRANK · 2008 to 2008
$806kRole of Formylpeptide Receptors in Host DefenseZ01BC010725 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI WANG, JI MING · 2006 to 2008
$624kIntramural NIH HHS Z01 AI000904Intramural NIH HHS Z01 AI001079Intramural NIH HHS Z01 BC010725Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AI000904Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AI001079Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AI001171Intramural NIH HHS ZIA BC010725
Abstract
Swift recruitment of phagocytic leucocytes is critical in preventing infection when bacteria breach through the protective layers of the skin. According to canonical models, this occurs via an indirect process that is initiated by contact of bacteria with resident skin cells and which is independent of the pathogenic potential of the invader. Here we describe a more rapid mechanism of leucocyte recruitment to the site of intrusion of the important skin pathogen Staphylococcus aureus that is based on direct recognition of specific bacterial toxins, the phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs), by circulating leucocytes. We used a combination of intravital imaging, ear infection and skin abscess models, and in vitro gene expression studies to demonstrate that this early recruitment was dependent on the transcription factor EGR1 and contributed to the prevention of infection. Our findings refine the classical notion of the non-specific and resident cell-dependent character of the innate immune response to bacterial infection by demonstrating a pathogen-specific high-alert mechanism involving direct recruitment of immune effector cells by secreted bacterial products.
Indexed as
AnimalsBacterial ToxinsFemaleHumansIntravital MicroscopyLymphocytesMiceMice, Inbred C57BLNeutrophil InfiltrationSkinStaphylococcal Skin InfectionsStaphylococcus aureusVirulence FactorsBacterial Toxinsstaphylococcal delta toxinVirulence Factors
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