ArticleNature communications2021
Breaking the barrier to biomolecule limit-of-detection via 3D printed multi-length-scale graphene-coated electrodes.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Electrochemical Biosensors for Circulating Tumor Cells and ctDNA: Emerging Strategies for Precision Oncology.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Modularly-Assembled Smart Microneedle Platform for Machine Learning-Driven Personalized Health Monitoring.Nano-micro letters · 2026Article
- Nanomaterial-Enhanced Biosensing: Mechanisms and Emerging Applications.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Self-Assembly of 3D-Printed Multiscale Micropillar-Based Organic Electrochemical Transistors for Ultrasensitive Dopamine Sensing.ACS nano · 2025Article
- 2D Materials: From Design and Synthesis to Applications in Electrical and Electrochemical Biosensors.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Flexible Sensors for Neural Interfaces: Multimodal Sensing, Signal Integration, and Closed-Loop Feedback.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Next-generation health monitoring: The role of nanomaterials in 3D-printed wearable devices.Materials today (Kidlington, England) · 2025Article
- Review
- 3D-AJP: Fabrication of Advanced Microarchitected Multimaterial Ceramic Structures via Binder-Free and Auxiliary-Free Aerosol Jet 3D Nanoprinting.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Micropillars in Cell Mechanobiology: Design, Fabrication, Characterization, and Biosensing Applications.Small science · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in 3D Printed Electrodes - Bridging the Nano to Mesoscale.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Attomolar-sensitive milk fever sensor using 3D-printed multiplex sensing structures.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cilia-Inspired Bionic Tactile E-Skin: Structure, Fabrication and Applications.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Numerical Investigation of a Microfluidic Biosensor Based on I-Shaped Micropillar Array Electrodes.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Advancing Multi-Ion Sensing with Poly-Octylthiophene: 3D-Printed Milker-Implantable Microfluidic Device.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Enhanced aerosol-jet printing using annular acoustic field for high resolution and minimal overspray.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Tactile Sensory Systems: Mechanisms, Fabrication, and Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Emerging Additive Manufacturing Methods for Wearable Sensors: Opportunities to Expand Access to Personalized Health Monitoring.Advanced sensor research · 2024Article
- Multijet Gold Nanoparticle Inks for Additive Manufacturing of Printed and Wearable Electronics.ACS materials Au · 2024Article
- 3D Printing for Cancer Diagnosis: What Unique Advantages Are Gained?ACS materials Au · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Sensing of clinically relevant biomolecules such as neurotransmitters at low concentrations can enable an early detection and treatment of a range of diseases. Several nanostructures are being explored by researchers to detect biomolecules at sensitivities beyond the picomolar range. It is recognized, however, that nanostructuring of surfaces alone is not sufficient to enhance sensor sensitivities down to the femtomolar level. In this paper, we break this barrier/limit by introducing a sensing platform that uses a multi-length-scale electrode architecture consisting of 3D printed silver micropillars decorated with graphene nanoflakes and use it to demonstrate the detection of dopamine at a limit-of-detection of 500 attomoles. The graphene provides a high surface area at nanoscale, while micropillar array accelerates the interaction of diffusing analyte molecules with the electrode at low concentrations. The hierarchical electrode architecture introduced in this work opens the possibility of detecting biomolecules at ultralow concentrations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.