ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
How immunity from and interaction with seasonal coronaviruses can shape SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- A decade of endemic human coronaviruses: epidemiological patterns and clinical significance in an adult cohort at a tertiary care hospital in Germany.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Dealing with differential misclassification of an outcome or a covariate in association studies with an internally validated sample selected not at random.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
- Interactions between zoonotic pathogens and infectious disease spread: Why understanding mechanisms and modelling matters more than ever.Biosafety and health · 2025Review
- Article
- High transmission of endemic human coronaviruses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents in Cebu, Philippines.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Coronavirus spike protein-specific antibodies indicate frequent infections and reinfections in infancy and among BNT162b2-vaccinated healthcare workers.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Unravelling Antigenic Cross-Reactions toward the World of Coronaviruses: Extent of the Stability of Shared Epitopes and SARS-CoV-2 Anti-Spike Cross-Neutralizing Antibodies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The impact of pre-existing cross-reactive immunity on SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine responses.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2023Review
- The interactions of SARS-CoV-2 with cocirculating pathogens: Epidemiological implications and current knowledge gaps.PLoS pathogens · 2023Review
- The two-stage molecular scenery of SARS-CoV-2 infection with implications to disease severity: An in-silico quest.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Immunological memory to common cold coronaviruses assessed longitudinally over a three-year period pre-COVID19 pandemic.Cell host & microbe · 2022Article
- Immunological memory to Common Cold Coronaviruses assessed longitudinally over a three-year period.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 infected children form early immune memory responses dominated by nucleocapsid-specific CD8+ T cells and antibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Pre-existing humoral immunity to low pathogenic human coronaviruses exhibits limited cross-reactive antibodies response against SARS-CoV-2 in children.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Hallmarks of Severe COVID-19 Pathogenesis:Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We hypothesized that cross-protection from seasonal epidemics of human coronaviruses (HCoVs) could have affected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, including generating reduced susceptibility in children. To determine what the prepandemic distribution of immunity to HCoVs was, we fitted a mathematical model to 6 y of seasonal coronavirus surveillance data from England and Wales. We estimated a duration of immunity to seasonal HCoVs of 7.8 y (95% CI 6.3 to 8.1) and show that, while cross-protection between HCoV and SARS-CoV-2 may contribute to the age distribution, it is insufficient to explain the age pattern of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the first wave of the pandemic in England and Wales. Projections from our model illustrate how different strengths of cross-protection between circulating coronaviruses could determine the frequency and magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 epidemics over the coming decade, as well as the potential impact of cross-protection on future seasonal coronavirus transmission.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.