ArticleDiabetes care2022
Universal Subsidized Continuous Glucose Monitoring Funding for Young People With Type 1 Diabetes: Uptake and Outcomes Over 2 Years, a Population-Based Study.
Article in Diabetes care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Equity of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Children and Young People With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review.Pediatric diabetes · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of the hybrid closedloop insulin delivery system in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Pooled it
- International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024 Diabetes Technologies: Glucose Monitoring.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2024Guideline
- Six months of hybrid closed-loop therapy improves diabetes-specific positive well-being, and reduces diabetes distress and fear of hypoglycemia: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2024Trial
- Determinants, implementation strategies, and mechanisms of the 4T Program.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2026Article
- Regulatory standardisation to improve the safety of continuous glucose monitoring systems in Australia and New Zealand: joint ADS/ADEA/ADIPS/ANZSPED/NZSSD statement.Internal medicine journal · 2026Article
- Reduced Prevalence of Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Over Two Decades in Population-Based Samples of Youth With Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Continuous glucose monitoring and risks of acute and chronic diabetes-related complications and mortality in adults with type 1 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Article
- Improving glycaemic outcomes with subsidised access to diabetes technology in a young adult population with type 1 diabetes.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Article
- Preliminary clinical outcomes and adoption of continuous glucose monitoring following reimbursement implementation in patients with type 1 diabetes in Thailand.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2026Article
- The KiwiDiab First National Paediatric Diabetes Benchmarking Audit: A Report on Children and Adolescents With Diabetes in Aotearoa New Zealand 2023.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2025Article
- Economic evaluation of potential national childhood screening strategies for type 1 diabetes in Australia.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Disparities in access to and use of diabetes technologies and therapeutics: a narrative review.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- The Experience of Discrimination Impacts Technology Readiness and Psychosocial States of Minoritized Families Living With Type 1 Diabetes: Findings From the BEAD-T1D Pilot Study.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2025Article
- Social disadvantage and technology use among adults with type 1 diabetes in Quebec: A cross-sectional study using data from the Canadian T1D (BETTER) Registry.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Article
- A Multidisciplinary Approach of Type 1 Diabetes: The Intersection of Technology, Immunotherapy, and Personalized Medicine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Impact of Public Policy on Equitable Access to Technology for Children and Youth Living with Type 1 Diabetes in British Columbia, Canada.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025Article
- 14. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
59 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is increasingly used in type 1 diabetes management; however, funding models vary. This study determined the uptake rate and glycemic outcomes following a change in national health policy to introduce universal subsidized CGM funding for people with type 1 diabetes aged <21 years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsLongitudinal data from 12 months before the subsidy until 24 months after were analyzed. Measures and outcomes included age, diabetes duration, HbA1c, episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis and severe hypoglycemia, insulin regimen, CGM uptake, and percentage CGM use. Two data sources were used: the Australasian Diabetes Database Network (ADDN) registry (a prospective diabetes database) and the National Diabetes Service Scheme (NDSS) registry that includes almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes nationally.
resultsCGM uptake increased from 5% presubsidy to 79% after 2 years. After CGM introduction, the odds ratio (OR) of achieving the HbA1c target of <7.0% improved at 12 months (OR 2.5, P < 0.001) and was maintained at 24 months (OR 2.3, P < 0.001). The OR for suboptimal glycemic control (HbA1c ≥9.0%) decreased to 0.34 (P < 0.001) at 24 months. Of CGM users, 65% used CGM >75% of time, and had a lower HbA1c at 24 months compared with those with usage <25% (7.8 ± 1.3% vs. 8.6 ± 1.8%, respectively, P < 0.001). Diabetic ketoacidosis was also reduced in this group (incidence rate ratio 0.49, 95% CI 0.33-0.74, P < 0.001).
conclusionsFollowing the national subsidy, CGM use was high and associated with sustained improvement in glycemic control. This information will inform economic analyses and future policy and serve as a model of evaluation diabetes technologies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.