Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34871874›Full record

ArticlePsychiatry research2022

Assessing costs of developing a digital program for training community health workers to deliver treatment for depression: A case study in rural India.

Udita Joshi, John A Naslund, Aditya Anand, Deepak Tugnawat, Ram Vishwakarma, Anant Bhan, Vikram Patel, Chunling Lu

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychiatry research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Udita JoshiSangath, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
John A NaslundDepartment of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Aditya AnandSangath, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Deepak TugnawatSangath, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Ram VishwakarmaSangath, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Anant BhanSangath, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Vikram PatelSangath, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Chunling LuDepartment of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: chunling_lu@hms.harvard.edu.
Sangath · INBrigham and Women's Hospital · USHarvard Global Health Institute · USHarvard University · US

Funding

ESSENCE (Enabling translation of Science to Service to ENhance Depression CarE) Scale-UpU19MH113211 · NIMH · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI PATEL, VIKRAM H · 2017 to 2023
$3.7M
NIMH NIH HHS U19 MH113211
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Digital technology has emerged as a promising approach for training and building capacity of community health workers in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Little is known about the cost of developing digital training programs in LMICs, which hinders the adoption, implementation, and scaling up of the programs in routine primary care settings. This study assessed the costs of developing a digital program for training community health workers to deliver a psychological treatment for depression in a rural district of Madhya Pradesh, India. We developed survey instruments to document required resources in development, including involved personnel (their roles, responsibilities, time spent, and salaries or payments), information technologies (e.g., smartphones, software programs), and infrastructure-related costs (e.g., vehicle, office space, utilities). Costs were estimated from an accounting perspective. Over a 10-month developmental period, the total costs were 208,814 USD, with the largest portion on human resources (61%, with 14% on management and supervision), followed by information technologies (33%), and infrastructure-related costs (6%). These findings could inform policymakers in LMICs on costs of developing online-training programs, which will be especially useful during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Indexed as

Community Health WorkersCOVID-19DepressionHumansIndiaPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Cost estimationDepressionDevelopment costsDigital technologyPrimary health careTraining

Identifiers

PMID34871874
PMCPMC8730743
OpenAlexW3216659237

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.