ArticleBlood2022
Donor memory-like NK cells persist and induce remissions in pediatric patients with relapsed AML after transplant.
Article in Blood, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03068819 (Cytokine Induced Memory-like NK Cell Adoptive Therapy for Relapsed AML After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant in Children and Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 110 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cytokine Induced Memory-like NK Cell Adoptive Therapy for Relapsed AML After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant in Children and Adults
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 152 citations in OpenAlex.
- NK cell adoptive transfer in acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of the last two decades of NK cell-based clinical trials: state of the art of AML therapy.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Potential therapeutic roles of natural killer cells in acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic review study.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Pooled it
- First-in-Human Study of IL15-Activated Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells After Allogeneic HCT Shows Durable Remission and Serotherapy-Associated Immune Reconstitution in Leukemia.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026Trial
- Advances in natural killer cell immunotherapy for hematologic malignancies.Cancer biology & therapy · 2026Review
- Next-generation natural killer cell therapy: bench to bedside and beyond.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Cytokine-induced expandable memory NK cells with significant metabolic, epigenetic remodeling, and persistence properties.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- CD56bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia: The antibodies, TriKEs, and CARs on the arduous road to cure.Blood reviews · 2026Review
- NT-I7, a Long-Acting Interleukin 7, Increases Lymphocyte Counts and Induces CD8+ T-cell Clonotype Expansion in Patients with Newly Diagnosed High-Grade Gliomas.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- Cultivating Functional Natural Killer Cells from Mobilized Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Heavily Pretreated Hematologic Malignancies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Donor lymphocyte infusion as immune modulation after pediatric allogeneic transplantation.Blood immunology & cellular therapy · 2026Article
- Bispecific CD37-Siglec6 CAR‑T cells exhibit enhanced anti‑leukemic activity and reduced exhaustion in acute myeloid leukemia xenograft models.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Novel NK cell-like phenotype expressing CCR5 and its ligands elicits tumor-specific acquired immunity to carcinomatous peritonitis via host NK-derived IFN-γ.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Pumping up immunity: exercise flexes memory NK cell attack.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Exercise-mobilized lymphocytes enhance the function of cytokine-induced memory-like NK cells against myeloid leukemia.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Allogeneic CD56 + cell infusion as a bridge to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: a phase I clinical trial.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Natural killer cells: gatekeepers of healthy aging in longevity medicine.Inflammation and regeneration · 2026Review
- Current and emerging maintenance strategies after stem cell transplantation in children and adolescents with acute leukemias.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Review
- NK cell infusion is well-tolerated and shows preliminary efficacy in patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma post-liver transplantation : a phase I trial.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Pediatric and young adult (YA) patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) have an extremely poor prognosis. Standard salvage chemotherapy and donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) have little curative potential. Previous studies showed that natural killer (NK) cells can be stimulated ex vivo with interleukin-12 (IL-12), -15, and -18 to generate memory-like (ML) NK cells with enhanced antileukemia responses. We treated 9 pediatric/YA patients with post-HCT relapsed AML with donor ML NK cells in a phase 1 trial. Patients received fludarabine, cytarabine, and filgrastim followed 2 weeks later by infusion of donor lymphocytes and ML NK cells from the original HCT donor. ML NK cells were successfully generated from haploidentical and matched-related and -unrelated donors. After infusion, donor-derived ML NK cells expanded and maintained an ML multidimensional mass cytometry phenotype for >3 months. Furthermore, ML NK cells exhibited persistent functional responses as evidenced by leukemia-triggered interferon-γ production. After DLI and ML NK cell adoptive transfer, 4 of 8 evaluable patients achieved complete remission at day 28. Two patients maintained a durable remission for >3 months, with 1 patient in remission for >2 years. No significant toxicity was experienced. This study demonstrates that, in a compatible post-HCT immune environment, donor ML NK cells robustly expand and persist with potent antileukemic activity in the absence of exogenous cytokines. ML NK cells in combination with DLI present a novel immunotherapy platform for AML that has relapsed after allogeneic HCT. This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03068819.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.