ArticleMetabolism open2021
Metabolic causes and consequences of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Article in Metabolism open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 74 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic potential of Akkermansia muciniphila in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Potential impact of ezetimibe on patients with NAFLD/NASH: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Accuracy of prognostic serological biomarkers in predicting liver fibrosis severity in people with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a meta-analysis of over 40,000 participants.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of Interventions for Improving Awareness and Knowledge of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among Chinese Young Adults for Prevention of Liver Cancer-A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2024Trial
- Effect of Phentermine on Hepatic Steatosis in Bariatric Surgery: A Pilot Study.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2022Trial
- Profiling of extracellular vesicles from primary hepatocytes, organoids, and mash patients identifies cell injury-specific signatures.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Bioinformatics and experimental validation of druggable targets in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Global Co-Occurrence Patterns of Ischemic Heart Disease and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Spatial Clusters, Risk Factors, and Quality-of-Care Index.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Article
- Identification of dinner dietary patterns and their association with metabolic risk factors and anthropometric indices in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- Critical role of interleukin-33 in pathogenesis and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Dysregulated high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein subfractions increase metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease risk: a study of patients across body mass index categories.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Is obesity the missing link? Ultra-processed foods and metabolic and reproductive outcomes: a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Transcriptome profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells differentiate male adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease from healthy peers.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of NAFLD in adults aged 20-49 years (1990-2021): a comprehensive analysis of trends, decomposition, and health inequality.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Article
- Targeted therapeutic strategies as alternative and sustainable treatment options for obesity-induced steatohepatitis.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota composition combined with reduced intestinal fatty acid uptake prevents hepatic steatosis in obesity-resistant mice fed a high-fat diet.Scientific reports · 2025Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifactorial metabolic disorder that was first described in 1980. It has been prevalent and on the rise for many years and is associated with other metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). NAFLD can be best described as a metabolic dysfunction that stems from insulin resistance-induced hepatic lipogenesis. This lipogenesis increases oxidative stress and hepatic inflammation and is often potentiated by genetic and gut microbiome dysfunction. As NAFLD progresses from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the odds of complications including cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and overall mortality increase. The aim of this review is to describe the metabolic causes and consequences of NAFLD while examining the risks that each stage of NAFLD poses. In this review, the etiology of "lean" NAFLD, the impact of obesity, T2DM, genetics, and microbiome dysbiosis on NAFLD progression are all explored. This review will also discuss the core issue behind the progression of NAFLD: insulin resistance (IR). Upon describing the causes and consequences of NAFLD, the effectiveness of diet modification, lifestyle changes, and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1) agonists to retard NAFLD progression and stem the rate of complications is examined.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.