ReviewJournal of tissue engineering
Freeform 3D printing of vascularized tissues: Challenges and strategies.
Review in Journal of tissue engineering. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Convergence of Organ-on-a-Chip and Freeform Printing of Sacrificial Poly(2-cyclopropyl-2-oxazoline) Enables the Generation of Perfusable Endothelialized Channels in Hydrogels.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2026Article
- Fast Image Segmentation Toward Automation of 3D Ice Printing.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Article
- Advancing Bioprinting Technology Utilizing Portable Bioprinters: From Various Device Designs to Dental Applications.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2025Review
- Applications of microfluidic chip technology in microvascular thrombosis research.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Review
- Design approaches for 3D cell culture and 3D bioprinting platforms.Biophysics reviews · 2024Review
- A scientometric and visualization analysis of 3D printing scaffolds for vascularized bone tissue engineering over the last decade.Regenerative therapy · 2024Review
- Dissecting the Interplay Mechanism among Process Parameters toward the Biofabrication of High-Quality Shapes in Embedded Bioprinting.Advanced functional materials · 2024Article
- Evolutionary trends and innovations in cardiovascular intervention.Frontiers in medical technology · 2024Article
- Biofabrication of engineered blood vessels for biomedical applications.Science and technology of advanced materials · 2024Review
- Dragging 3D printing technique controls pore sizes of tissue engineered blood vessels to induce spontaneous cellular assembly.Bioactive materials · 2024Article
- Manufacturing the multiscale vascular hierarchy: progress toward solving the grand challenge of tissue engineering.Trends in biotechnology · 2023Review
- The Effect of the Mechanical Properties of the 3D Printed Gelatin/Hyaluronic Acid Scaffolds on hMSCs Differentiation Towards Chondrogenesis.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2023Article
- Review on Additives in Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinting of Regenerative Medicine: From Mechanism to Methodology.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- 3D-Printed Functional Hydrogel by DNA-Induced Biomineralization for Accelerated Diabetic Wound Healing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Advances in the development of tubular structures using extrusion-based 3D cell-printing technology for vascular tissue regenerative applications.Biomaterials research · 2022Review
- From In Vitro to Perioperative Vascular Tissue Engineering: Shortening Production Time by Traceable Textile-Reinforcement.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2022Article
- Acellular Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts from Polymers: Methods, Achievements, Characterization, and Challenges.Polymers · 2022Review
- Primary MSCs for Personalized Medicine: Ethical Challenges, Isolation and Biocompatibility Evaluation of 3D Electrospun and Printed Scaffolds.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Expanding tubular microvessels on stiff substrates with endothelial cells and pericytes from the same adult tissue.Journal of tissue engineeringArticle
- 3D Bioprinting tissue analogs: Current development and translational implications.Journal of tissue engineeringReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, freeform three-dimensional (3D) printing has led to significant advances in the fabrication of artificial tissues with vascularized structures. This technique utilizes a supporting matrix that holds the extruded printing ink and ensures shape maintenance of the printed 3D constructs within the prescribed spatial precision. Since the printing nozzle can be translated omnidirectionally within the supporting matrix, freeform 3D printing is potentially applicable for the fabrication of complex 3D objects, incorporating curved, and irregular shaped vascular networks. To optimize freeform 3D printing quality and performance, the rheological properties of the printing ink and supporting matrix, and the material matching between them are of paramount importance. In this review, we shall compare conventional 3D printing and freeform 3D printing technologies for the fabrication of vascular constructs, and critically discuss their working principles and their advantages and disadvantages. We also provide the detailed material information of emerging printing inks and supporting matrices in recent freeform 3D printing studies. The accompanying challenges are further discussed, aiming to guide freeform 3D printing by the effective design and selection of the most appropriate materials/processes for the development of full-scale functional vascularized artificial tissues.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.