ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
The Role of Diverse Immune Cells in Sarcoidosis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide association for sarcoidosis identifies novel risk loci and genetic heritability in African and European ancestries: a meta-analysis from the Finngen, Million Veteran Program, UK Biobank, and Biobank Japan datasets.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Novel cutaneous adverse effects of the increasingly prevalent glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists.Skin health and disease · 2026Article
- Specific Biomarkers Involved in Sarcoidosis Diagnosis and Prognosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Cardiac sarcoidosis: new insights beyond the granuloma using spatial proteomics.European heart journal · 2026Article
- Organ Involvement and Treatment Response across Cutaneous Sarcoidosis Subtypes.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- The inflammatory fingerprint reveals immune cell populations associated with disease activity in cardiac sarcoidosis.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Article
- Diagnosis and Management of Sarcoidosis-like Reaction in Adjuvant Immunotherapy: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Metabolomic signaling in sarcoidosis pathogenesis.Current opinion in immunology · 2026Review
- Cardiac sarcoidosis: from clinical manifestations to heart transplantation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Single cell transcriptome signatures and cell-cell interactions associated with sarcoidosis in lung immune cell populations.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated acute interstitial nephritis: Pathogenesis and heterogeneity.CytoJournal · 2026Review
- Asthma in Patients With Confirmed Pulmonary Sarcoidosis.Canadian respiratory journal · 2026Review
- An Unusual Etiology of Recurrent Parathyroid Hormone-Independent Hypercalcemia.JCEM case reports · 2025Article
- The interplay between M2-like macrophages and Th17.1 cells promotes the progression of early-stage sarcoidosis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- A case of chronic hepatitis B complicated by systemic sarcoidosis that regressed following nucleos(t)ide analog therapy.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- A Rare Case of Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia in a Patient With Sarcoidosis: Diagnostic and Immunologic Challenges.Cureus · 2025Article
- Narrative review of adalimumab for the treatment of cardiac sarcoidosis.Heart rhythm O2 · 2025Review
- Sarcoidosis: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Pathogenetic Mechanisms Linking Sarcoidosis to Lymphoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Microbiota and antibiotic exposure in sarcoidosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology characterized by tissue infiltration with macrophages and lymphocytes and associated non-caseating granuloma formation. The disease primarily affects the lungs. Patients suffering from sarcoidosis show a wide range of clinical symptoms, natural history and disease outcomes. Originally described as a Th1-driven disease, sarcoidosis involves a complex interplay among diverse immune cells. This review highlights recent advances in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, with emphasis on the role of different immune cells. Accumulative evidence suggests Th17 cells, IFN-γ-producing Th17 cells or Th17.1 cells, and regulatory T (Treg) cells play a critical role. However, their specific actions, whether protective or pathogenic, remain to be clarified. Macrophages are also involved in granuloma formation, and M2 polarization may be predictive of fibrosis. Previously neglected cells including B cells, dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells and natural killer T (NKT) cells were studied more recently for their contribution to sarcoid granuloma formation. Despite these advances, the pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, indicating an urgent need for further research to reveal the distinct immunological events in this process, with hope to open up new therapeutic avenues and if possible, to develop preventive measures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.