Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34868004›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021

Epigenetic Modulation of Class-Switch DNA Recombination to IgA by miR-146a Through Downregulation of Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4.

Paolo Casali, Shili Li, Grecia Morales, Cassidy C Daw, Daniel P Chupp, Amanda D Fisher, Hong Zan

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  7. The multifaceted role of SMAD4 in immune cell function.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Paolo CasaliDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States.
Shili LiDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States.
Grecia MoralesDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States.
Cassidy C DawDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States.
Daniel P ChuppDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States.
Amanda D FisherDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States.
Hong ZanDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston · USThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio · US

Funding

Intrinsic B cell epigenetic regulation of antibody and autoantibody responses by Sirt1R01AI105813 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI CASALI, PAOLO · 2014 to 2023
$4.5M
Somatic hypermutation and class switching in autoimmunityR01AI079705 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI CASALI, PAOLO · 2010 to 2019
$4.1M
Epigenetics of the autoantibody response in systemic lupusR01AI167416 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI CASALI, PAOLO · 2021 to 2025
$3.6M
Graduate Research in Immunology Program (GRIP): To train graduate students for successful careers in academia, industry and governmentT32AI138944 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI ZHONG, GUANGMING · 2018 to 2022
$561k
Molecular mechanisms in the generation of autoantibodies and lupusR56AI079705 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI CASALI, PAOLO · 2008 to 2008
$381k
Epigenetic downregulation of the antibody response and inhibition of autoimmunityR56AI105813 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI CASALI, PAOLO · 2013 to 2013
$286k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI079705NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI105813NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI167416NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI079705NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI105813NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI138944
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

IgA is the predominant antibody isotype at intestinal mucosae, where it plays a critical role in homeostasis and provides a first line of immune protection. Dysregulation of IgA production, however, can contribute to immunopathology, particularly in kidneys in which IgA deposition can cause nephropathy. Class-switch DNA recombination (CSR) to IgA is directed by TGF-β signaling, which activates Smad2 and Smad3. Activated Smad2/Smad3 dimers are recruited together with Smad4 to the

Indexed as

Epigenesis, GeneticRecombination, GeneticAnimalsDown-RegulationGastrointestinal MicrobiomeImmunoglobulin AImmunoglobulin Class SwitchingMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMicroRNAsPromoter Regions, GeneticSmad2 ProteinSmad3 ProteinSmad4 ProteinSmad ProteinsImmunoglobulin AMicroRNAsMirn146 microRNA, mouseSmad2 ProteinSmad2 protein, mouseSmad3 ProteinSmad3 protein, mouseSmad4 ProteinSmad4 protein, mouseSmad ProteinsAIDB cellclass switch DNA recombination (CSR)epigeneticsIgAmicroRNAmiR-146aSmad2/Smad3/Smad4

Identifiers

PMID34868004
PMCPMC8635144
OpenAlexW3213658279

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.