SynthesisFrontiers in psychiatry2021
Parent-Mediated Interventions for Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Parent-Mediated Interventions for ASD Under 3 Years: A Systematic Review, Meta Analysis, and Moderator Analyses.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review of measures and interventions for caregiver adjustment to child autism diagnosis.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Pooled it
- Supporting Parents of Adolescents With Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review of Interventions.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2025Pooled it
- The effectiveness of an online-based psychosocial program for parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders - a randomized controlled trial.Child and adolescent mental health · 2026Trial
- Effects of improved creative play interventions on social communication, behavioral, and cognitive function in children with autism spectrum disorder: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2026Trial
- Outcomes from the ASPEN intervention program: a randomized clinical trial of a culturally adapted parent-mediated intervention program in low-resource settings.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact of the WHO-Caregiver skill training (CST) in a low-income clinical setting: a mixed-methods evaluation.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Systematic Review of the Efficacy of Parent-Mediated Interventions in Reducing Problem Behaviours Shown by Autistic Adolescents.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- A nonrandomised feasibility evaluation of a home‑based intervention for parents of adolescents with learning disabilities, with or without autism.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Developmental Trajectories in Young Autistic Children Receiving Parent-Mediated Intervention Through In-Person and Telehealth Service Delivery Models: A Naturalistic, Nonrandomized Clinical Study.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Comparative Efficacy and Acceptability of Non-pharmacological Therapies and Novel Pharmacotherapies for Autism: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Review
- Parents' experiences in accessing services for their autistic children in the United Kingdom: A meta-synthesis.The British journal of clinical psychology · 2026Review
- Administering the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales in Collaboration With Caregivers in a Virtual Environment: Reliability, Fidelity, and Lessons Learned.American journal of speech-language pathology · 2026Article
- Bridging Parenting Stress and Child Progress: Evaluating a Parent-Mediated Early Intervention for Autism.Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings · 2026Article
- Protocol for a feasibility and acceptability trial of Bloom, a co-produced and co-facilitated parent group to enhance the quality of life and well-being of young autistic children.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2026Article
- Feasibility study of home-based rehabilitation training for language disorders in infants aged 0-1 year.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Family Outcomes of a Community-Based Trial of Project ImPACT.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Hybrid Telehealth Adaptation of COMPASS for Hope: Parent-Mediated Outcomes in Autism.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Parent-led Communication Therapy for Young Bilingual Autistic Children: A Scoping Review.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Parents' Emotional Journey Throughout Their Participation in a Well-Being Support Group Intervention.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in parent-mediated interventions (PMIs) for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effect of PMIs compared to no PMI for children with ASD aged 2-17 years. The primary outcome was adaptive functioning rated by a parent or clinician. The secondary outcomes were long-term adaptive functioning rated by the parents, adverse events, core symptoms of ASD, disruptive behavior, parental well-being, quality of life of the child rated by the parents and anxiety. The MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched in March 2020. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used to rate the individual studies, and the certainty in the evidence was evaluated using GRADE. We identified 30 relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs), including 1,934 participants. A clinically relevant effect of PMIs on parent-rated adaptive functioning was found with a low certainty of evidence [Standard mean difference (SMD): 0.28 (95% CI: -0.01, 0.57)] on Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS), whereas no clinically relevant effect was seen for clinician-rated functional level, with a very low certainty of evidence [SMD on Clinical Global Impressions (CGI)-severity scale: SMD -0.45 [95% CI: -0.87, -0.03)]. PMIs may slightly improve clinician-rated autism core symptoms [SMD: -0.35 (95% CI: -0.71, 0.02)]. Additionally, no effect of PMIs on parent-rated core symptoms of ASD, parental well-being or adverse effects was identified, all with a low certainty of evidence. There was a moderate certainty of evidence for a clinically relevant effect on disruptive behavior [SMD: 0.55 (95% Cl: 0.36, 0.74)]. The certainty in the evidence was downgraded due to serious risk of bias, lack of blinding, and serious risk of imprecision due to few participants included in meta-analyses. The present findings suggest that clinicians may consider introducing PMIs to children with ASD, but more high-quality RCTs are needed because the effects are not well-established, and the results are likely to change with future studies. The protocol for the systematic review is registered at the Danish Health Authority website (www.sst.dk).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.