ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2021
Kratom Alkaloids: Interactions With Enzymes, Receptors, and Cellular Barriers.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multifunctional Bacterial Cellulose Films Incorporating Kratom (Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of 7-hydroxymitragynine on serotonin, amino acid profiles, and ion homeostasis in SH-SY5Y cells.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Mitragynine and Morphine Stabilize Different Conformations of the μ‑Opioid Receptor as Revealed by Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Identification and Optimization of Kratom Strictosidine Pathway Enabled by Yeast Multiplex Engineering.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Characteristics of adverse reactions to kratom and implementation of harm reduction strategies in a sample of ethnobotanical tea bar patrons in Colorado.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Kratom Consumption Associated With Herb-Induced Liver Injury and a Pharmacokinetic Interaction: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Observational real-world analysis of dose-dependent effects ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- A Review of Kratom Product Evolution and Its Associated Health Outcomes.Substance abuse and rehabilitation · 2026Review
- Exploratory evaluation of encapsulated kratom using multimodal quantitative sensory testing in dogs.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Screening, docking, and molecular dynamics analysis of Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) compounds for targeting HER2 in breast cancer.Current research in structural biology · 2025Article
- Drug-drug interactions of plant alkaloids derived from herbal medicines on the phase II UGT enzymes: an introductory review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Probing the Molecular Mechanisms of Kratom's Antipsychotic Effects through a Multi-modal Computational Approach.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetic Interaction of Kratom and Cannabidiol in Male Rats.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Ecological Momentary Assessment of Self-Reported Kratom Use, Effects, and Motivations Among US Adults.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Correlations of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) use behavior and psychiatric conditions from a cross-sectional survey.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2023Observational
- Article
- Evaluating health information provided to kratom consumers by good manufacturing practice-qualified vendors.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2023Article
- The Chemical and Pharmacological Properties of Mitragynine and Its Diastereomers: An Insight Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Parallel to the growing use of kratom, there is a wealth of evidence from self-report, preclinical, and early clinical studies on therapeutic benefits of its alkaloids in particular for treating pain, managing substance use disorder, and coping with emotional or mental health conditions. On the other hand, there are also reports on potential health risks concerning kratom use. These two aspects are often discussed in reviews on kratom. Here, we aim to highlight specific areas that are of importance to give insights into the mechanistic of kratom alkaloids pharmacological actions. This includes their interactions with drug-metabolizing enzymes and predictions of clinical drug-drug interactions, receptor-binding properties, interactions with cellular barriers in regards to barrier permeability, involvement of membrane transporters, and alteration of barrier function when exposed to the alkaloids.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.