ArticleBJPsych open2021
COVID-19 pandemic impact on psychotropic prescribing for adults with intellectual disability: an observational study in English specialist community services.
Article in BJPsych open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06238089 (A Novel Way to Understand and Communicate the Burden of Antipsychotic Prescribing for Adults Across Specialist Intellectual Disability Services in England and Wales.), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Novel Way to Understand and Communicate the Burden of Antipsychotic Prescribing for Adults Across Specialist Intellectual Disability Services in England and Wales.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Antidepressant prescribing trends for adult patients in the UK and Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic: systematic review.BJPsych open · 2026Review
- Health problems of people with intellectual disabilities in general practice: dynamic cohort study between 2012 and 2021 with Dutch routine care data.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2026Article
- Psychiatrists and non-psychiatrists' attitudes to psychotropic optimisation for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: cross-sectional comparison study.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Twenty-five year trend in antipsychotic medication prescribing in England: challenges and opportunities.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Sertraline-Induced Mood and Behavioral Activation in Two Adults With Prader-Willi Syndrome.Case reports in psychiatry · 2025Article
- A novel way to understand and communicate the burden of AntiPsycHotic prescribing for adults across specialist Intellectual Disability services in England and Wales: the APHID feasibility study protocol.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Predictors of mental well-being among family caregivers of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities during COVID-19.BJPsych open · 2024Article
- Post-COVID-19 condition risk in patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities: a retrospective cohort study involving 36,308 patients.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- An update of the reported effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on person with intellectual disability and their carers: a scoping review.Annals of medicine · 2023Article
- The long-term psycho-social impact of the pandemic on people with intellectual disability and their carers.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2023Article
- International clinician perspectives on pandemic-associated stress in supporting people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.BJPsych open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a disproportionate impact on people with intellectual disability (PwID). PwID are at higher risk of mental illness and receive psychotropic prescribing 'off licence' also, to manage distress behaviour. The lockdown and reduction of multidisciplinary face-to-face appointments had an impact on care delivery, the recourse possibly being psychotropic prescribing. It is imperative to comprehend the influence the pandemic had on psychotropic prescribing patterns to enable future planning.
aimsThe aim was to understand the impact of the pandemic by comparing psychotropic prescribing patterns during the England lockdown with the prescribing patterns before lockdown in specialist urban and rural psychiatric services for PwID.
methodData was collected from Cornwall (rural) and London (urban) intellectual disability services in England as a service evaluation project to rationalise psychotropic prescribing. PwID in both services open across January 2020 to January 2021 were included. Baseline patient demographics including age, gender, ethnicity, intellectual disability level and neurodevelopmental and psychological comorbidities were collected. Baseline psychotropic prescribing and subsequent % change for each psychotropic group for the two services was compared using Pearson's chi-square and z-statistic (two tailed) with significance taken at P < 0.05.
resultsThe two centres London (n = 113) and Cornwall (n = 97) were largely comparable but for baseline differences in terms of presence of severe mental illness (37 v. 86, P < 0.001), challenging behaviour (44 v. 57, P < 0.05) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (37 v. 3, P < 0.001). There was an overall increase in psychotropic prescribing during lockdown in urban as compared with rural settings (11% v. 2%).
conclusionsThe pandemic caused an increase in psychotropic prescribing associated with lockdown severity and urban settings. Team structures could have played a role.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.