ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2022
Diagnosing Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Racially Diverse Older Adults: Comparison of Consensus, Actuarial, and Statistical Methods.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Objective Criteria for Subtle Cognitive Decline in Aging and Preclinical Alzheimer Disease: A Systematic Review.Neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Development of a mortality prediction nomogram for dementia patients using the MIMIC-IV database.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Beyond the cut-off: measurement bias, calibration, and fairness in mild cognitive impairment screening.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Neuropsychiatric symptom phenotypes for early detection of risk in older adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Time since HIV diagnosis is linked to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Partially Observable Predictor Models for Identifying Cognitive Markers.Computational brain & behavior · 2025Article
- Comparing the predictive validity of four MCI definitions for incident dementia in demographically diverse community-dwelling individuals: Results from the Einstein Aging Study (EAS).Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2025Article
- Data-driven classification of cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment subtypes predicts progression in the NACC dataset.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- TMS-derived short afferent inhibition discriminates cognitive status in older adults without dementia.Aging brain · 2024Article
- Dissociating Statistically Determined Normal Cognitive Abilities and Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes with DCTclock.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2023Article
- The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in Gulf War veterans: a follow-up study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cognitive Heterogeneity and Risk of Progression in Data-Driven Subtle Cognitive Decline Phenotypes.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Article
- Multiracial participants in Alzheimer's research: scoping review and recommendations.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundActuarial and statistical methods have been proposed as alternatives to conventional methods of diagnosing mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with the aim of enhancing diagnostic and prognostic validity, but have not been compared in racially diverse samples.
objectiveWe compared the agreement of consensus, actuarial, and statistical MCI diagnostic methods, and their relationship to race and prognostic indicators, among diverse older adults.
methodsParticipants (N = 354; M age = 71; 68% White, 29% Black) were diagnosed with MCI or normal cognition (NC) according to clinical consensus, actuarial neuropsychological criteria (Jak/Bondi), and latent class analysis (LCA). We examined associations with race/ethnicity, longitudinal cognitive and functional change, and incident dementia.
resultsMCI rates by consensus, actuarial criteria, and LCA were 44%, 53%, and 41%, respectively. LCA identified three MCI subtypes (memory; memory/language; memory/executive) and two NC classes (low normal; high normal). Diagnostic agreement was substantial, but agreement of the actuarial method with consensus and LCA was weaker than the agreement between consensus and LCA. Among cases classified as MCI by actuarial criteria only, Black participants were over-represented, and outcomes were generally similar to those of NC participants. Consensus diagnoses best predicted longitudinal outcomes overall, whereas actuarial diagnoses best predicted longitudinal functional change among Black participants.
conclusionConsensus diagnoses optimize specificity in predicting dementia, but among Black older adults, actuarial diagnoses may be more sensitive to early signs of decline. Results highlight the need for cross-cultural validity in MCI diagnosis and should be explored in community- and population-based samples.
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