Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34863701›Full record

SynthesisJornal de pediatria

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C): a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes.

Mônica O Santos, Lucas C Gonçalves, Paulo A N Silva, André L E Moreira, Célia R M Ito, Fernanda A O Peixoto, Isabela J Wastowski, Lilian C Carneiro, Melissa A G Avelino

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Jornal de pediatria. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
20.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. COVID-19: Lessons Learned from Molecular and Clinical Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mônica O SantosUniversidade Federal de Goiás, Patologia Clínica e Medicina, Goiânia, GO, Brazil. Electronic address: monica.santos@ufg.br.
Lucas C GonçalvesUniversidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Medicina, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Paulo A N SilvaUniversidade Federal de Goiás, Faculdade de Medicina, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
André L E MoreiraUniversidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Célia R M ItoUniversidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Fernanda A O PeixotoUniversidade Federal de Goiás, Departamento de Pediatria, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Isabela J WastowskiUniversidade Federal de Goiás, Laboratório de Imunologia Molecular, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Lilian C CarneiroUniversidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Melissa A G AvelinoUniversidade Federal de Goiás, Departamento de Pediatria, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Goiás · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe clinical cases of patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) were analyzed via a systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical findings, treatments, and possible outcomes of articles retrieved via database searches. SOURCES: The authors searched the PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASA, EBSCO, and Scopus databases for articles containing the keywords "multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children" or "MIS-C" or "PIMS-TS" or "SIMP" and "COVID-19" or "SARS-CoV-2" published between December 1st, 2019 and July 10th, 2021. Patient characteristics, tissue and organ comorbidities, the incidence of symptoms after COVID-19 infection, treatment, and patient evolution in the articles found were evaluated. The data were abstracted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).

findingsIn total, 98 articles (2275 patients) were selected for demographics, clinical treatment, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with MIS-C. The average age of children with MIS-C, 56.8% of whom were male, was of nine years. Fever (100%), gastrointestinal (GI) (82%), and abdominal pain (68%) were the decisive symptoms for the diagnosis of MIS-C. Shock and/or hypotension were common in patients with MIS-C. Cardiac symptoms (66%) predominated over respiratory (39%) and neurological (28%) symptoms. MIS-C treatment followed the common guidelines for treating children with septic shock and Kawasaki disease (KD) and proved to be effective.

conclusionsThis meta-analysis highlights the main clinical symptoms used for the diagnosis of MIS-C, the differences between MIS-C and KD, and the severity of the inflammatory process and urgency for hospital care.

Indexed as

COVID-19ChildDatabases, FactualFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleSARS-CoV-2Systemic Inflammatory Response SyndromeChildrenCOVID-19MIS-CPIMS-TSSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID34863701
PMCPMC9432310
OpenAlexW4200405242

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.