ReviewClinical epigenetics2021
Epigenome-wide association studies: current knowledge, strategies and recommendations.
Review in Clinical epigenetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05779904 (DNA Methylation, Microbiome Profile, Nutritional Status, and Developmental Outcomes of Stunted and Non-stunted Children Growing up During Covid-19 Pandemic), which is not on this map. Cited by 131 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
DNA Methylation, Microbiome Profile, Nutritional Status, and Developmental Outcomes of Stunted and Non-stunted Children Growing up During Covid-19 Pandemic: a Case-control Study
Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of methylome-wide associations with anxiety disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Epigenetic Mechanisms in Childhood Obesity.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Pooled it
- The one-carbon metabolism as an underlying pathway for placental DNA methylation - a systematic review.Epigenetics · 2024Pooled it
- Translational toxicoepigenetic Meta-Analyses identify homologous gene DNA methylation reprogramming following developmental phthalate and lead exposure in mouse and human offspring.Environment international · 2024Pooled it
- Altered methylation pattern in EXOC4 is associated with stroke outcome: an epigenome-wide association study.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Pooled it
- Epigenetic Insights in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis: DNA Methylation Highlights an Involvement of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection and Host Immune Networks.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Investigating the role of CpG islands and DNA methylation at 3'UTRs in cancer.Life science alliance · 2026Article
- Associations between diet quality, epigenetic aging and epigenome in two population-based cohorts.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Skeletal muscle reprogramming of metabolic, ribosomal and developmental pathways contributes to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass-induced adaptation in women.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Blood DNA methylation at AMD candidate loci in discordant monozygotic twins.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cooperative care influences genome-wide levels of DNA methylation in nestling chestnut-crowned babblers.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026Article
- [Applications and Challenges of Deep Learning in Human Genome Research].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Review
- Blood DNA methylation and breast cancer risk: a prospective nested case-control study.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Epigenetic Regulation of Immune Dysfunction in Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome.The Prostate · 2026Article
- Longitudinal associations of DNA-methylation of OXT, SLC6A4 and NR3C1 genes with the treatment response in patients with depression.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Functional Genomics Studies of Psychiatric Disorders in Individuals of Latin American Populations: A Scoping Review.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2026Article
- DNA methylation signatures associated with bipolar disorder in peripheral blood improve prediction models.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- cyberDMR: accurate and robust identification of differentially methylated regions from WGS-derived methylomes.BMC biology · 2026Article
- Early-Life DNA methylation at TRIM6 and TTC23 promoters associates with respiratory infections at one year.Pediatric research · 2026Article
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aetiology and pathophysiology of complex diseases are driven by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. The variability in risk and outcomes in these diseases are incompletely explained by genetics or environmental risk factors individually. Therefore, researchers are now exploring the epigenome, a biological interface at which genetics and the environment can interact. There is a growing body of evidence supporting the role of epigenetic mechanisms in complex disease pathophysiology. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWASes) investigate the association between a phenotype and epigenetic variants, most commonly DNA methylation. The decreasing cost of measuring epigenome-wide methylation and the increasing accessibility of bioinformatic pipelines have contributed to the rise in EWASes published in recent years. Here, we review the current literature on these EWASes and provide further recommendations and strategies for successfully conducting them. We have constrained our review to studies using methylation data as this is the most studied epigenetic mechanism; microarray-based data as whole-genome bisulphite sequencing remains prohibitively expensive for most laboratories; and blood-based studies due to the non-invasiveness of peripheral blood collection and availability of archived DNA, as well as the accessibility of publicly available blood-cell-based methylation data. Further, we address multiple novel areas of EWAS analysis that have not been covered in previous reviews: (1) longitudinal study designs, (2) the chip analysis methylation pipeline (ChAMP), (3) differentially methylated region (DMR) identification paradigms, (4) methylation quantitative trait loci (methQTL) analysis, (5) methylation age analysis and (6) identifying cell-specific differential methylation from mixed cell data using statistical deconvolution.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.