ArticleVaccine2021
Tick immunity using mRNA, DNA and protein-based Salp14 delivery strategies.
Article in Vaccine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evasin and TSLPI Tick Salivary Antigen Subunit Vaccine Nanoparticles Induce Humoral and Cellular Immunity.ACS nanoscience Au · 2025Article
- Immunization with mRNA-LNPs EncodingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Borrelia surface proteins: new horizons in Lyme disease diagnosis.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Fourteen anti-tick vaccine targets are variably conserved in cattle fever ticks.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Tick feeding or vaccination with tick antigens elicits immunity to theScience translational medicine · 2025Article
- Tick Control Strategies: Critical Insights into Chemical, Biological, Physical, and Integrated Approaches for Effective Hard Tick Management.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Current Progress in the Development of mRNA Vaccines Against Bacterial Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Research progress toward arthropod salivary protein vaccine development for vector-borne infectious diseases.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Review
- Article
- Overview of Recombinant Tick Vaccines and Perspectives on the Use of Plant-Made Vaccines to Control Ticks of Veterinary Importance.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Designing a multi-epitope construct using immuno-informatic tools to prepare a messenger RNA vaccine againstVeterinary world · 2024Article
- Interventions for the control of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and tick vectors.NPJ vaccines · 2024Review
- Vaccination to Prevent Lyme Disease: A Movement Towards Anti-Tick Approaches.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Current Progress in the Science of Novel Adjuvant Nano-Vaccine-Induced Protective Immune Responses.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Human Tick-Borne Diseases and Advances in Anti-Tick Vaccine Approaches: A Comprehensive Review.Vaccines · 2024Review
- The Development of a Rabies Virus-Vectored Vaccine againstVaccines · 2024Article
- mRNA vaccination of rabbits alters the fecundity, but not the attachment, of adult Ixodes scapularis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Potential of mRNA-based vaccines for the control of tick-borne pathogens in one health perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Development of an mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccine against Lyme disease.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Guinea pigs exposed to multiple infestations with Ixodes scapularis ticks develop acquired resistance to ticks, which is also known as tick immunity. The I. scapularis salivary components that contribute to tick immunity are likely multifactorial. An anticoagulant that inhibits factor Xa, named Salp14, is present in tick saliva and is associated with partial tick immunity. A tick bite naturally releases tick saliva proteins into the vertebrate host for several days, which suggests that the mode of antigen delivery may influence the genesis of tick immunity. We therefore utilized Salp14 as a model antigen to examine tick immunity using mRNA lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), plasmid DNA, or recombinant protein platforms. salp14 containing mRNA-LNPs vaccination elicited erythema at the tick bite site after tick challenge that occurred earlier, and that was more pronounced, compared with DNA or protein immunizations. Humoral and cellular responses associated with tick immunity were directed towards a 25 amino acid region of Salp14 at the carboxy terminus of the protein, as determined by antibody responses and skin-testing assays. This study demonstrates that the model of antigen delivery, also known as the vaccine platform, can influence the genesis of tick immunity in guinea pigs. mRNA-LNPs may be useful in helping to elicit erythema at the tick bite site, one of the most important early hallmarks of acquired tick resistance. mRNA-LNPs containing tick genes is a useful platform for the development of vaccines that can potentially prevent selected tick-borne diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.