Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34861941›Full record

ArticleThe Enzymes2021

Viral proteases: Structure, mechanism and inhibition.

Jacqueto Zephyr, Nese Kurt Yilmaz, Celia A Schiffer

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Enzymes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
32.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Viral effectors trigger innate immunity across the tree of life.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  14. Protein Engineering for Spatiotemporally Resolved Cellular Monitoring.Annual review of analytical chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.) · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jacqueto ZephyrDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.
Nese Kurt YilmazDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.
Celia A SchifferDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States. Electronic address: celia.schiffer@umassmed.edu.
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · US

Funding

Drug Resistance in HCV NS3/4A - Inhibitor binding versus substrate recognitionR01AI085051 · NIAID · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI SCHIFFER, CELIA A. · 2010 to 2019
$4.6M
Integration of Evolution to Avoid Resistance in Structure Based Drug DesignR01GM135919 · NIGMS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI SCHIFFER, CELIA A. · 2020 to 2023
$2.5M
Design of Protease Inhibitors to Target HTLV-1R21AI149716 · NIAID · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI SCHIFFER, CELIA A. · 2020 to 2021
$461k
Fragment-based drug design and substrate envelope model of the Zika virus proteaseF31GM131635 · NIGMS · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI ZEPHYR, JACQUETO · 2019 to 2021
$80k
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI085051NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI149716NIGMS NIH HHS F31 GM131635NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM135919
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Viral proteases are diverse in structure, oligomeric state, catalytic mechanism, and substrate specificity. This chapter focuses on proteases from viruses that are relevant to human health: human immunodeficiency virus subtype 1 (HIV-1), hepatitis C (HCV), human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), flaviviruses, enteroviruses, and coronaviruses. The proteases of HIV-1 and HCV have been successfully targeted for therapeutics, with picomolar FDA-approved drugs currently used in the clinic. The proteases of HTLV-1 and the other virus families remain emerging therapeutic targets at different stages of the drug development process. This chapter provides an overview of the current knowledge on viral protease structure, mechanism, substrate recognition, and inhibition. Particular focus is placed on recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of diverse substrate recognition and resistance, which is essential toward designing novel protease inhibitors as antivirals.

Indexed as

Hepatitis CViral ProteasesAntiviral AgentsHepacivirusHumansProtease InhibitorsAntiviral AgentsProtease InhibitorsViral ProteasesCoronavirusDrug resistanceEnterovirusFlavivirusHCVHIV-1HTLV-1Protease inhibitorsSubstrate envelopeViral protease

Identifiers

PMID34861941
PMCPMC8595904
OpenAlexW3216645397

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.