ArticleJournal of translational medicine2021
Nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) in severe COVID-19 patients: role of T3 on the Na/K pump gene expression and on hydroelectrolytic equilibrium.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Critical illness-implications of non-thyroidal illness syndrome and thyroxine therapy.World journal of critical care medicine · 2025Review
- Clinical, thyroid metabolic, and inflammatory features in pediatric patients with post-acute COVID-19 neuropsychiatric symptoms.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Myxedema in Both Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism: A Hormetic Response?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A Literature Review on SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viruses in Thyroid Disorders: Environmental Triggers or No-Guilty Bystanders?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Opposite Effect of Thyroid Hormones on Oxidative Stress and on Mitochondrial Respiration in COVID-19 Patients.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome: To Treat or Not to Treat? Have We Answered the Question? A Review of Metanalyses.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
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22 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNonthyroidal Illness Syndrome (NTIS) can be detected in many critical illnesses. Recently, we demonstrated that this condition is frequently observed in COVID-19 patients too and it is correlated with the severity the disease. However, the exact mechanism through which thyroid hormones influence the course of COVID-19, as well as that of many other critical illnesses, is not clear yet and treatment with T4, T3 or a combination of both is still controversial. Aim of this study was to analyze body composition in COVID-19 patients in search of possible correlation with the thyroid function. METHODS AND
findingsWe report here our experience performed in 74 critically ill COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of our University Hospital in Rome. In these patients, we evaluated the thyroid hormone function and body composition by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) during the acute phase of the disease at admission in the ICU. To examine the effects of thyroid function on BIA parameters we analyzed also 96 outpatients, affected by thyroid diseases in different functional conditions. We demonstrated that COVID-19 patients with low FT3 serum values exhibited increased values of the Total Body Water/Free Fat Mass (TBW/FFM) ratio. Patients with the lowest FT3 serum values had also the highest level of TBW/FFM ratio. This ratio is an indicator of the fraction of FFM as water and represents one of the best-known body-composition constants in mammals. We found an inverse correlation between FT3 serum values and this constant. Reduced FT3 serum values in COVID-19 patients were correlated with the increase in the total body water (TBW), the extracellular water (ECW) and the sodium/potassium exchangeable ratio (Na
conclusionsIn conclusion, we demonstrated that measurement of BIA parameters is a useful method to analyze water and salt retention in COVID-19 patients hospitalized in ICU and, in particular, in those that develop NTIS. Our results indicate that NTIS has peculiar similarities with myxedema seen in severe hypothyroid patients, albeit it occurs more rapidly. The Na
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