ArticlePLoS pathogens2021
H9N2 virus-derived M1 protein promotes H5N6 virus release in mammalian cells: Mechanism of avian influenza virus inter-species infection in humans.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of poly(I:C) interacted proteins and their regulation in transcription level against bacterial infection in zebrafish.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Structural and Functional Analysis of ASFV pI73R Reveals GNB1 Binding and Host Gene Modulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Pandemic preparedness through vaccine development for avian influenza viruses.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Revealing novel and conservative T-cell epitopes with MHC B2 restriction on H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV).The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Article
- Recombinant parainfluenza virus 5 expressing clade 2.3.4.4b H5 hemagglutinin protein confers broad protection against H5Ny influenza viruses.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence of influenza.Virulence · 2023Review
- Avian Influenza Virus Tropism in Humans.Viruses · 2023Review
- Rapid detection of H5 subtype avian influenza virus using CRISPR Cas13a based-lateral flow dipstick.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Key amino acid position 272 in neuraminidase determines the replication and virulence of H5N6 avian influenza virus in mammals.iScience · 2022Article
- Influence of Host Sialic Acid Receptors Structure on the Host Specificity of Influenza Viruses.Viruses · 2022Review
- Status and Challenges for Vaccination against Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus in China.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- G Protein Subunit β1 Facilitates Influenza A Virus Replication by Promoting the Nuclear Import of PB2.Journal of virology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3.4.4 not only exhibits unprecedented intercontinental spread in poultry, but can also cause serious infection in humans, posing a public health threat. Phylogenetic analyses show that 40% (8/20) of H5N6 viruses that infected humans carried H9N2 virus-derived internal genes. However, the precise contribution of H9N2 virus-derived internal genes to H5N6 virus infection in humans is unclear. Here, we report on the functional contribution of the H9N2 virus-derived matrix protein 1 (M1) to enhanced H5N6 virus replication capacity in mammalian cells. Unlike H5N1 virus-derived M1 protein, H9N2 virus-derived M1 protein showed high binding affinity for H5N6 hemagglutinin (HA) protein and increased viral progeny particle release in different mammalian cell lines. Human host factor, G protein subunit beta 1 (GNB1), exhibited strong binding to H9N2 virus-derived M1 protein to facilitate M1 transport to budding sites at the cell membrane. GNB1 knockdown inhibited the interaction between H9N2 virus-derived M1 and HA protein, and reduced influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) release. Our findings indicate that H9N2 virus-derived M1 protein promotes avian H5N6 influenza virus release from mammalian, in particular human cells, which could be a major viral factor for H5N6 virus cross-species infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.