ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Pathogenesis and Mechanism of Gastrointestinal Infection With COVID-19.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Causal relationship between COVID-19, vaccination, and 20 digestive diseases: a comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Virology journal · 2025Pooled it
- From HIV to SARS-CoV-2 associated neurological disorder ("HAND" to "SAND"): Viral infection as a "time-bomb" for the aging brain.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- Advanced and Careful Hospital Nutrition Reduces Respiratory Assistance and Hospitalization in Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Longitudinal Observational Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Prognostic Accuracy of Nutritional Assessment Tools in Critically-Ill COVID-19 Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Regulation of Paneth cell-specific genes in COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2-infected mice by quantification of mRNA from exfoliated cells in stool samples.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Overview of the Trending Enteric Viruses and Their Pathogenesis in Intestinal Epithelial Cell Infection.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Review
- In Vitro Models for Investigating Intestinal Host-Pathogen Interactions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Pathophysiological, immunological, and inflammatory features of long COVID.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- COVID-19 and Multiorgan Response: The Long-Term Impact.Current problems in cardiology · 2023Review
- Article
- Pathogenesis and Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Intestine, Liver, and Pancreas.Cells · 2023Review
- The metaproteome of the gut microbiota in pediatric patients affected by COVID-19.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2 and gastrointestinal diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Genetic support of the causal association between gut microbiome and COVID-19: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Malnutrition Increases Hospital Length of Stay and Mortality among Adult Inpatients with COVID-19.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Malproduction of endogenous hydrogen gas in COVID-19.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Hallmarks of Severe COVID-19 Pathogenesis:Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As a new infectious disease, COVID-19 is spread through the respiratory tract in most cases. Its source and pathological mechanism are not clear. The most common clinical feature is pulmonary infection. Also, a lot patients have gastrointestinal symptoms. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a functional cellular receptor for SARS-CoV-2, which is like SARS-CoV, a coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003. The tissues and cells expressing ACE2 are potential targets for SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the high expression of ACE2 in intestinal epithelial cells marks that SARS-CoV-2 may directly infect intestinal epithelial cells. Recent studies also suggest that SARS-CoV-2 existed and replicated in intestinal environment for a long time. The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and RAS system leads to the decrease of local anti-inflammatory ability. The virus cycle leads to excessive imbalance of immune response and cytokine release. The downregulation of ACE2 after viral infection leads to gastrointestinal dysfunction. The above are the causes of gastrointestinal symptoms. Here, we reviewed the possible causes and mechanisms of gastrointestinal symptoms caused by COVID-19. Additionally, we discussed the influence of gastrointestinal symptoms on the prognosis of patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.