ReviewNPJ vaccines2021
Unique features of a recombinant haemagglutinin influenza vaccine that influence vaccine performance.
Review in NPJ vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential Induction of Interferon-Stimulated Genes by Cell-Based Versus Egg-Based Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccines in Children During the 2018-2019 Season.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- mRNA Vaccines for Influenza: Hope for a Universal Vaccine?BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- A subunit vaccine for multiple respiratory viruses.Science advances · 2026Article
- Influenza vaccine responses differ between young children previously exposed to influenza antigens via infection versus vaccination.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Carbohydrate fatty acid monosulphate ester adjuvant enhances the immunogenicity of influenza antigensFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- mRNA-based seasonal influenza vaccines: an overview of immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Integrated analysis of humoral and memory B-cell responses reveals distinct immune landscapes shaped by influenza vaccine platforms.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Adjuvanted Recombinant Hemagglutinin Vaccine Provides Durable and Broad-Spectrum Immunogenicity in Mice.Vaccines · 2025Article
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- Development of Plant-Based Multivalent Vaccine Candidates for SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Virus Using InactivatedVaccines · 2025Article
- A Study on the Induction of Multi-Type Immune Responses in Mice via an mRNA Vaccine Based on Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase Antigen.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Next-generation vaccines for influenza B virus: advancements and challenges.Archives of virology · 2025Review
- Advancements in the application and research of baculovirus vector vaccines for respiratory diseases in human.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Formulation development of a stable influenza recombinant neuraminidase vaccine candidate.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Recent advances in the influenza virus vaccine landscape: a comprehensive overview of technologies and trials.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Double-layered protein nanoparticles conjugated with truncated flagellin induce improved mucosal and systemic immune responses in mice.Nanoscale horizons · 2024Article
- Evolving roles of glycosylation in the tug-of-war between virus and host.National science review · 2024Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The influenza vaccine field has been constantly evolving to improve the speed, scalability, and flexibility of manufacturing, and to improve the breadth and longevity of the protective immune response across age groups, giving rise to an array of next generation vaccines in development. Among these, the recombinant influenza vaccine tetravalent (RIV4), using a baculovirus expression vector system to express recombinant haemagglutinin (rHA) in insect cells, is the only one to have reached the market and has been studied extensively. We describe how the unique structural features of rHA in RIV4 improve protective immune responses compared to conventional influenza vaccines made from propagated influenza virus. In addition to the sequence integrity, characteristic of recombinant proteins, unique post-translational processing of the rHA in insect cells instills favourable tertiary and quaternary structural features. The absence of protease-driven cleavage and addition of simple N-linked glycans help to preserve and expose certain conserved epitopes on HA molecules, which are likely responsible for the high levels of broadly cross-reactive and protective antibodies with rare specificities observed with RIV4. Furthermore, the presence of uniform compact HA oligomers and absence of egg proteins, viral RNA or process impurities, typically found in conventional vaccines, are expected to eliminate potential adverse reactions to these components in susceptible individuals with the use of RIV4. These distinct structural features and purity of the recombinant HA vaccine thus provide a number of benefits in vaccine performance which can be extended to other viral targets, such as for COVID-19.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.