ArticleSurgery2022
Inflammatory breast cancer, trimodal treatment, and mortality: Does where you live matter?
Article in Surgery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Breast Cancer Milieu Maneuvers Cancer-Associated Macrophages to Synergize Neoplastic Repertoires.Cancers · 2026Review
- Survival and Treatment Patterns in Stage III Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Breast Cancer.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Molecular and socioeconomic characteristics of inflammatory breast cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Inflammatory breast cancer, best practice in the community setting.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Review
- Trends in Guideline-Concordant Care for Inflammatory Breast Cancer.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Neighborhood Deprivation and Breast Cancer Mortality Among Black and White Women.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Identification of barriers at the primary care provider level to improve inflammatory breast cancer diagnosis and management.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Racial disparities in treatment and outcomes between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White women with nonmetastatic inflammatory breast cancer.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byDiscussion.2022
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe objective of this study is to examine the associations among neighborhood socioeconomic status, trimodal treatment, and disease-specific mortality among inflammatory breast cancer patients using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program.
methodsPatients diagnosed with inflammatory breast cancer (T4d) from 2010 to 2016 were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. The cohort was stratified into neighborhood socioeconomic status groups (low, middle, high) based on National Cancer Institute census tract-level index. Trimodal treatment was defined as receipt of modified radical mastectomy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Bivariable analysis, log-rank test, and a Cox proportional hazards model (hazard ratio, 95% confidence interval) were conducted to evaluate the relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic status, trimodal treatment, and disease-specific mortality.
resultsIn total, 4,374 patients met study criteria. There was no difference between the neighborhood socioeconomic status groups in receipt of trimodal treatment (P = .19). On multivariable analysis, there was no association between low neighborhood socioeconomic status (hazard ratio 1.13, 0.98-1.30; ref high neighborhood socioeconomic status) or middle neighborhood socioeconomic status (hazard ratio 1.01, 0.88-1.64; ref high neighborhood socioeconomic status) and disease-specific mortality. Notably, triple negative subtype (hazard ratio 2.66, 2.21-3.20; ref luminal A) and Black race (hazard ratio 1.41, 1.16-1.72; ref White) were associated with a higher disease-specific mortality.
conclusionFor inflammatory breast cancer patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program, disease-specific mortality appears to be driven by tumor biology and patient characteristics instead of treatment disparities or neighborhood socioeconomic status.
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