Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34856947›Full record

ArticleBMC pediatrics2021

25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels among 2-year-old children: findings from the Japan environment and Children's study (JECS).

Limin Yang, Miori Sato, Mayako Saito-Abe, Makoto Irahara, Minaho Nishizato, Hatoko Sasaki, Mizuho Konishi, Kazue Ishitsuka, Hidetoshi Mezawa, Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada and 2 more

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Article in BMC pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Incidence and clinical characteristics of pediatric vitamin D deficiency in Hokkaido, Japan: A survey of cases diagnosed between 2015 and 2019.Clinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Limin YangDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Miori SatoDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Mayako Saito-AbeDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Makoto IraharaDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Minaho NishizatoDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Hatoko SasakiDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Mizuho KonishiDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Kazue IshitsukaDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Hidetoshi MezawaDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Kiwako Yamamoto-HanadaDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
Yukihiro OhyaDivision of Allergy, Department of Medical Subspecialties, Medical Support Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), Allergy Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagayaku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. ohya-y@ncchd.go.jp.
Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) Group)

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe study aim was to obtain epidemiological data on vitamin D levels for the pediatric population in Japan. We assessed the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in 2-year-old Japanese children using data from a large ongoing birth cohort study.

methodsData for analysis was obtained from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) and a Sub-Cohort Study (SCS) of JECS. We evaluated the children's serum 25(OH) D levels by 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles, and the rates of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. We also presented a weighted prevalence rate for vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency among all children in JECS.

resultsAfter excluding children with missing 25(OH)D2 or 25(OH)D3 data, we analyzed 4655 remaining children, of whom 24.7% (95% CI, 23.5-26.0%) had vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL), and 51.3% (95% CI, 49.8-52.7%) were at risk of vitamin D insufficiency (20-30 ng/mL). The estimated prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among all children in JECS were 25.4% (95% CI, 24.1-26.7%) and 50.9% (95% CI, 49.4-52.4%). Vitamin D deficiency was found in 22.9% of boys and 26.5% of girls. Median serum 25(OH) D concentrations were lower among participants measured during winter and spring than among those measured in summer and autumn. The highest rate of vitamin D deficiency was observed in Hokkaido, the northernmost prefecture of Japan.

conclusionWe analyzed data on serum 25(OH) D levels from a birth cohort study and found that vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are very common among 2-year-old Japanese children. Sex, season, and latitude affect serum 25(OH) D concentrations.

Indexed as

Vitamin DVitamin D DeficiencyBirth CohortChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleHumansJapanMalePrevalenceSeasons25-hydroxyvitamin DVitamin D25-Hydroxyvitamin DChildrenCohortDeficiencyInsufficiencyVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID34856947
PMCPMC8638176

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.