ArticlePloS one2021
Diversity and heterogeneity of immune states in non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between the systemic inflammation response index and prognosis in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Pooled it
- Platelet-lymphocyte ratio is a prognostic marker in small cell lung cancer-A systemic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Construction and validation of a prognostic prediction model for critically ill lung cancer patients based on respiratory functional reserve and systemic inflammatory characteristics.American journal of cancer research · 2026Article
- Variation in CBC-Derived Inflammatory Biomarkers Across Histologic Subtypes of Lung Cancer: Can Histology Guide Clinical Management?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Impact of the Histologic Types of Lung Cancer on CBC-Derived Inflammatory Markers-Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Lung cancer immunotherapy in 2025: where we stand and what comes next?Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Preoperative systemic immune-inflammation index-based nomogram for lung carcinoma following microwave ablation -a real world single center study.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Monitoring Blood Immune Cells in Patients with Advanced Small Cell Lung Cancer Undergoing a Combined Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor/Chemotherapy.Biomolecules · 2023Observational
- The systemic-level repercussions of cancer-associated inflammation mediators produced in the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Prediction of bone metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer based on machine learning.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Value of plasma vitamin D level and nomogram model for predicting the prognosis of patients with small cell lung cancer treated with platinum plus etoposide as first-line chemotherapy.American journal of translational research · 2022Article
- Effect of Eye Movement Training on Sleep Quality of Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer Based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2021Article
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2 authors.
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Abstract
Blood-based biomarkers including systemic inflammation (SI) indicators or circulating factors (cytokines, chemokines, or growth factors) are associated with a poor prognosis for lung cancer patients. Collectively these biomarkers can predict the immune state of a patient. We wanted to define and compare the immune states of small cell and non-small cell lung cancer patients, in the hopes that the information gained could lead to overall improvements in patient care and outcomes. Specimens and data from 235 patients was utilized, 49 surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with no evidence of disease (DF), 135 advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 51 small cell lung cancer (SCLC). SI markers neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR), systemic inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) were determined from blood counts. Forty-seven plasma cytokines were measured using a multiplex bead-based assay. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox Proportional Hazards models. NSCLC patients had significantly high levels of SI markers than SCLC and DF patients, while NLR, PLR and SII were also higher in SCLC than DF patients. SI optimized marker values to differentiate SI value were; 6.04 (NLR), 320 (PLR), 1615 (SII), and 7.3 (SIRI). Elevated levels NLR (p<0.001), PLR (p<0.001), and SII (p = 0.018) were associated with a worse PFS and OS in NSCLC, while none of the markers were associated with PFS in SCLC patients. NSCLC patients with a poor outcome displayed heterogeneous immune states relative to systemic inflammation and circulating IL-6 markers. These groups could be distinguished based on the cytokines IL-8, TNFα, and IL-27. We identified heterogeneity of immune states in SCLC and NSCLC patients and in NSCLC patients with the poorest prognosis. This heterogeneity could be exploited to improve outcomes for these patients.
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